The orchestra and its instrumentsSingleton, Esther
History
The orchestra and its instruments
Singleton, Esther
Instrumentation and orchestration -- History; Musical instruments; Orchestra
“Early next morning I called on him and we at once rushed into the
subject. At length I succeeded in making him repeat the confession of his
emotion at the performance, but then with a violent shake of his head and
a peculiar smile he said: ‘All the same, such music as that ought not to
be made.’ To which I answered: ‘All right, dear master, there’s no fear
of much being made like it.’”
The _Pastoral Symphony_ (the _Sixth_) calls for two flutes, one piccolo,
two oboes, two clarinets, two horns, two bassoons, two trumpets, two
drums, alto and tenor trombones, first and second violins, viola,
violoncellos and basses. The trumpets and trombones are used in the
_Storm_ only (fourth movement). In the _Andante_ (second movement) there
are two solo violoncellos (with _sordini_); the other violoncellos play
with the double-basses.
The _Seventh Symphony_ is composed for two flutes, two oboes, two
clarinets, two bassoons, two horns, two trumpets, two drums, first and
second violins, viola, violoncello and double-basses. The drums are tuned
in E and A except in the _Scherzo_, where they are tuned in F and A.
This _Symphony_ was first performed in the University of Vienna at a
concert for the benefit of soldiers wounded at the Battle of Hanau (Oct.
30, 1813), where the Austrians and Bavarians tried to cut off Napoleon’s
retreat from Leipzig.
Beethoven conducted. Some of the most famous musicians and composers
played in the Orchestra. There was Schuppanzigh, Romberg, Spohr, Mayseder
and the famous double-bass, Dragonetti (see page 70); Meyerbeer and
Hummel played the kettledrums; Moscheles, the cymbals and old Salieri
“gave time to the drums and salvos,” says a contemporary, who continued:
“At this concert I first saw Beethoven conduct. Often as I had heard of
it, it surprised me extremely. He was accustomed to convey the marks of
expression to the Orchestra by the most peculiar motions of his body.
Thus at a _sforzando_ he tore his arms, which were before crossed on his
breast, violently apart. At a _piano_ he crouched down, bending lower the
softer the tone. At the _crescendo_ he raised himself by degrees until at
the _forte_ he sprang up to his full height; and without knowing it would
often at the same time shout aloud.”
The _Eighth Symphony_ has two drums in F and C, two trumpets in F, two
horns in F, two flutes, two clarinets, two oboes, two bassoons, first
and second violins, violas, violoncello and double-bass. In the Finale
the drums are for the first time tuned in octaves. It was first performed
in the Great Redoutensaal, Vienna, on Feb. 27, 1814. The Seventh Symphony
was also on the programme and received the most applause.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Elsewhere in the archive
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account