The orchestra and its instrumentsSingleton, Esther
History
The orchestra and its instruments
Singleton, Esther
Instrumentation and orchestration -- History; Musical instruments; Orchestra
When the great gathering, or Parliament, was held periodically at Tara,
County Meath, there was minstrelsy in the banquet-hall after every day’s
business. The last Parliament, or Feis, of Tara, was held in 560 under
Fergus; and never more after that gathering was the “harp heard in Tara’s
halls.”
An Irish saga of the Seventh Century describes nine Irish harpers as
having “gray winding cloaks, with brooches of gold, circlets of pearls
round their heads, rings of gold around their thumbs, torques[89] of gold
around their ears, and torques of silver around their throats.”
Trinity College, Dublin, owns a harp that is supposed to have belonged to
King Brian, “Brian Boru,” the hero, who was slain in the hour of victory
over the Danes at Clontarf near Dublin in 1014. His harp was rescued
by his son, who took it to Rome and gave it to the Pope. It is the old
hand-harp of the minstrels.
In 1185 Giraldus, appointed by King Henry II tutor to his son, Prince
John, accompanied the latter to Ireland. On his return he wrote a book
describing the remarkable things he had seen in that country and paid the
following tribute to the Irish harpers:
“The cultivation of instrumental music by this people I find worthy of
commendation. In this their skill is _beyond all_ comparison superior
to that of any nation I have ever seen; for their music is not slow
and solemn, as in the instrumental music of Britain to which we are
accustomed; but the sounds are rapid and articulate, yet at the same time
sweet and pleasing. It is wonderful how, in such precipitate rapidity
of the fingers the musical proportions are preserved, and by their art,
faultless throughout, in the midst of the most complicated modulations
and most intricate arrangements of notes; by a velocity so pleasing,
a regularity so diversified, a concord so discordant, the melody is
preserved harmonious and perfect; and whether a passage, or transition,
is performed in a sequence of fourths or fifths, it is always begun in
a soft and delicate manner, and ended in the same, so that all may be
perfected in the sweetness of delicious sounds. They enter on and again
leave their modulations with so much subtlety and the vibrations of
the smaller strings of the treble sport with so much articulation and
brilliancy, along with the deep notes of the bass; they delight with
so much delicacy and soothe so charmingly, that the great excellence
of their art appears to lie in their accomplishing all this with the
greatest seeming ease and without the least appearance of effort, or art.”
The Welsh harpists learned from the Irish, as Wharton, in his _History
of English Poetry_, testifies: “There is sufficient evidence to prove
that the Welsh bards were early connected with the Irish. Even so late as
the Eleventh Century the Welsh bards received instruction in the bardic
profession (music and poetry) from Ireland.”
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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