[23] Isa. i. 11. [24] Isa. xli. 8. [25] See Exod. xix. 5, 6. [26] Isa. lix. 1, 2. [27] See Isa. xlviii. 18, 19. [28] For an endeavour to secure future obedience to the covenant, see 2 Kings xi. 17. From this idea that all Israel’s calamities were due to the violation of a divine covenant, probably arose the Jewish explanation of the “origin of evil.” Calamities in general falling on mankind they would naturally ascribe to the same cause, namely, the disregard of the commands of God. Hence the story of the fall of man as we have it in the opening chapters of Genesis. [29] Jer. xliv. 15–19. [30] Isa. xxx., xxxi. [31] 2 Kings xxiii. 29. [32] For the influence of the captivity on Judaism, see Ewald, “Hist. of Israel,” v. 24, _seq._ (Eng. trans.), and Kuenen, “Religion of Israel,” ii. 139 (Eng. trans.). [33] “History of Israel,” ii. 35 (Eng. trans.). [34] Jer. xiv. 19–22. [35] See Ezekiel xxxvii. 24, 25; and cf. Micah v. 2–9. Bethlehem, as David’s birthplace, was to be the birthplace of David the Messiah. [36] _Ibid._ [37] Jer. xxxi. 31–34. [38] Amos iii. 2. [39] Isa. ii. 2–4; xi. 9, 10. [40] Ibid. lx. 3, 10, 11, 14, 15, 18. [41] Ibid. lxi. 5, 6. [42] Jer. xvi. 19. [43] Micah vi. 6–8. [44] Isa. lxvi. 1–4. [45] See Kuenen, “Religion of Israel,” iii. 276 (Eng. trans.). [46] Isa. lxvi. 18–23. [47] Isa. lii. 14. [48] See Tobit iii. 8. How different from Isa. xlv. 6, 7. [49] 2 Macc. xii. 43–45. [50] See 1 Macc. xiv. 41. [51] See Ewald, “Hist. of Israel,” v. 360, _seq._ (Eng. trans.), and Kuenen, “Religion of Israel,” iii. 277 (Eng. trans.). [52] See Milman, “Hist. of Christianity,” i. 82. [53] “Religion of Israel,” iii. 273 (Eng. trans.). [54] Dan. vii. 13, 14. [55] See Strauss, “New Life of Jesus,” sects. 38, 39. [56] See Strauss, “New Life of Jesus,” sect. 36. [57] See Matt. xxvi. 26–28, and Mark xiv. 22–24; Luke xxii. 19, 20, and 1 Cor. xi. 23–25; cf. 1 Cor. x. 16. [58] See Exod. xii. 3–30. [59] Isa. liii. 10, 12. [60] 1 Cor. x. 16. [61] Rom. iii. 24, 25; v. 6–11; viii. 3; 1 Thess. iv. 16, 17; cf. 1 Pet. ii. 24. [62] 2 Cor. v. 19. [63] Isa. lxv. 17; cf. Rev. xxi. 1. [64] See Milman, “History of Christianity,” i. 378. [65] 1 Thess. v. 1–10. [66] Rom. xi. 25–27. [67] 1 Cor. xv. [68] Rev. xx., xxi.; cf. 2 Esdras vii. 28–33. [69] Rom. v., vi. [70] Acts xvii. 18. [71] 1 Cor. xv. 1–20. [72] See Strauss, “New Life of Jesus,” section 49. [73] See Strauss, “New Life of Jesus,” section 98; 1 Cor. xv. 5–8. [74] Rom. i. 3, 4. [75] 1 Cor. xv. 45–49; Rom. viii. 16, 17. [76] Rom. viii. 3; Gal. iv. 4, 5. [77] See Baur, “Church History,” part iv., and “Life of Paul,” part iii., chaps. vi. and viii. [78] 1 Cor. viii. 6. [79] Of course no importance can be attached to the “God blessed for ever” of Rom. ix. 5, which either, as is generally thought, does not refer to Christ at all, or, if it does, is obviously a late interpolation suggested to the copyist by Rom. 1. 25. [80] See Renan, “Les Apôtres,” chap. xvi.