the Rabbis, most of whom regarded repentance as the _conditio sine quâ non_ of expiation and the forgiveness of sins.[86] Let us also remember that he who commanded his followers to forgive a brother for his sin, at the same time pronounced the qualification: "if he repent."[87] [Footnote 78: _Supra_, p. 53 _sqq._ Heriot, _Travels through the Canadas_, p. 378 (ancient Mexicans). Adair, _History of the American Indians_, p. 150. Krasheninnikoff, _History of Kamchatka_, p. 178. Williams and Calvert, _Fiji_, p. 24.] [Footnote 79: Montefiore, _op. cit._ p. 525 _sqq._] [Footnote 80: _Koran_, xi. 116. Sell, _Faith of Islám_, p. 220 _sq._ According to Muhammadanism, however, it is only "little sins" that are forgiven if some good actions are done, whereas "great sins" can only be forgiven after due repentance (_ibid._ p. 214).] [Footnote 81: Wheeler, _History of India_, ii. 475.] [Footnote 82: _Indo-Chinese Gleaner_, iii. 150, 161, 164. Davis, _China_, ii. 48.] [Footnote 83: This point was certainly not overlooked by the Catholic moralists, but even the most ardent apology cannot explain away the idea of reparation in the Catholic doctrine of the justification of man (_cf._ Manzoni, _Osservazioni sulla Morale Cattolica_, p. 100). Penance consists of contrition, confession, and satisfaction, and contrition itself is chiefly "a willingness to compensate" (_Catechism of the Council of Trent_, ii. 5. 22).] [Footnote 84: Goblet d'Alviella, _Hibbert Lectures on the Origin and Growth of the Conception of God_, p. 263.] [Footnote 85: _Psalms_, li. 16 _sq._] [Footnote 86: Moore, _loc. cit._ col. 4225.] [Footnote 87: _Cf._ Martineau, _Types of Ethical Theory_, ii. 203.]