[Footnote 103: Ellis, _Tour through Hawaii_, p. 429. Williams and Calvert, _Fiji and the Fijians_, p. 23. Forbes, _A Naturalist's Wanderings in the Eastern Archipelago_, p. 473 (Timorese).] [Footnote 104: Falkner, _Description of Patagonia_, p. 123. Anderson, _Lake Ngami_, p. 231 (Damaras).] Thus among some Australian tribes, "a man accused of a serious offence gets a month's citation to appear before the tribunal, on pain of death if he disobeys. If he is found guilty of a private wrong, he is painted white, and made to stand out at fifty paces in front of the accuser and his friends, all fully armed. They throw at him a shower of spears and 'bumarangs,' from which he protects himself with a light shield."[105] Among the Aricara Indians of the Missouri, who, for the most part, punish murder with death, the nearest relative of the murdered man was deputed by the council to act the part of executioner.[106] With reference to the natives of Bali, Raffles says that "in the execution of the punishment awarded by the court there is this peculiarity, that the aggrieved party or his friends are appointed to inflict it."[107] In some parts of Afghanistan, "if the offended party complains to the Sirdar, or if _he_ hears of a murder committed, he first endeavours to bring about a compromise, by offering the Khoon Behau, or price of blood; but if the injured party is inexorable, the Sirdar lays the affair before the King, who orders the Cauzy to try it; and, if the criminal is convicted, gives him up to be executed by the relations of the deceased."[108] Among the peoples round Lake Nyassa and Tanganyika and among the Bantu tribes generally, "when a murderer is caught and proved guilty he is given over {185} to the relatives of the person murdered, who have power to dispose of him as they choose."[109] A similar practice prevails among the Mishmis,[110] Bataks,[111] and Kamchadales.[112] It was also recognised by early Slavonic,[113] Teutonic, and English codes.[114] According to the provisions of a code granted so late as 1231, by the Abbey of St. Bertin to the town of Arques, when a man was convicted of intentional homicide, he was handed over to the family of the murdered person, to be slain by them.[115] [Footnote 105: Fraser, _Aborigines of New South Wales_, p. 40 _sq._] [Footnote 106: Bradbury, _Travels in the Interior of America_, p. 168.] [Footnote 107: Raffles, _op. cit._ ii. p. ccxxxvii.] [Footnote 108: Elphinstone, _Kingdom of Caubul_, ii. 105 _sq._] [Footnote 109: Macdonald, in _Jour. Anthr. Inst._ xxii. 108.] [Footnote 110: Cooper, _Mishmee Hills_, p. 238.] [Footnote 111: von Brenner, _op. cit._ p. 212.] [Footnote 112: Georgi, _Russia_, iii. 137.] [Footnote 113: Macieiowski, _Slavische Rechtsgeschichte_, ii. 127.] [Footnote 114: Wilda, _Strafrecht der Germanen_, p. 167. _Lex Salica_, 68. _Laws of Cnut_, i. 53. _Leges Henrici I._ lxxi. 1.]