The origin and development of the moral ideasWestermarck, Edward
Philosophy
The origin and development of the moral ideas
Westermarck, Edward
Ethics; Ethics -- History; Prehistoric peoples
The Rev. R. Taylor
says of the Maoris, "To bid you go and cook your father would be a
great curse, but to tell a person to go and cook his great-grandfather
would be far worse, because it included every individual who has
sprung from him."[226]
[Footnote 217: Herodotus, vi. 86. _Cf._ Hesiod, _Opera et dies_,
282 _sqq._]
[Footnote 218: Aeschylus, _Eumenides_, 934 _sqq._]
[Footnote 219: Aeschylus (_Eumenides_, 416 _sq._) expressly designates
the Erinyes by the title of "curses" ([Greek: a)rai\]), and Pausanias
derives the name Erinys from an Arcadian word signifying a fit of
anger. _Cf._ von Lasaulx, 'Der fluch bei Griechen und Römern,' in
_Verzeichnis der Vorlesungen an der Julius-Maximilians-Universitaet zu
Würzburg im Sommer-Semester_ 1843, p. 8; Müller, _Dissertations on the
Eumenides of Aeschylus_, p. 155 _sqq._; Rohde, 'Paralipomena,' in
_Rheinisches Museum für Philologie_, 1895, p. 16 _sq._]
[Footnote 220: _Ecclesiasticus_, xxiii. 11. _Cf._ _ibid._ xli. 5
_sqq._; _Wisdom of Solomon_, iii. 12 _sq._, xii. 11.]
[Footnote 221: Casalis, _Basutos_, p. 305.]
[Footnote 222: Crooke, _Tribes and Castes of the North-Western
Provinces and Oudh_, ii. 287; iii. 444. _Cf._ _ibid._ i. 132.]
[Footnote 223: Among these tribes it is usual to swear by "putting a
bamboo on the head," or "touching a broad-sword, touching the feet of
a Brâhman, holding a cow's tail, touching Ganges water." But among
many of the other tribes described by Mr. Crooke, persons swear on the
heads of their children (_ibid._ i. 11, 130, 172; ii. 96, 138, 339,
357; iii. 40, 113, 251, 262; iv. 35), or with a son or grandson in the
arms (_ibid._ ii. 428), and in such cases the death of the child would
naturally be expected to follow perjury as a direct result of it.
Among the Kol, the usual form of an oath is, "May my children die if I
lie" (_ibid._ iii. 313).]
[Footnote 224: Marsden, _History of Sumatra_, p. 240.]
[Footnote 225: Mason, in _Jour. Asiatic Soc. Bengal_,
xxxvii. pt. ii. 137.]
[Footnote 226: Taylor, _Te Ika a Maui_, p. 208.]
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