The Origin and Permanent Value of the Old TestamentKent, Charles Foster
Religion
The Origin and Permanent Value of the Old Testament
Kent, Charles Foster
Bible. New Testament -- Criticism, interpretation, etc.; Bible. New Testament -- History; Bible. Old Testament -- Introductions
The priority of the canon of the law is also proved by the fact that,
although it contains some of the later Old Testament writings, it stands
first, not only in position but in the esteem of the Jewish race.
Furthermore, it became in time the designation of all the Old Testament
canonical writings. The term _Law_ is thus used in the New Testament
(_e.g._, John x. 34, xii. 34; I Cor. xiv. 21), in the Talmud, and by the
rabbis, indicating that the later groups of historical, prophetic, and
poetical books were simply regarded as supplements.
[Sidenote: _Canonization of the prophetic writings_]
The history of the canonization of the next group, known as the
_Prophets_, is very obscurely recorded, and this largely because it
reached its culmination in the Greek period, concerning which we have
only the most meagre information. Here analogy with the history of
the New Testament is helpful. The same influences which led the early
Christians to add the Epistles and Acts undoubtedly operated upon the
minds of the Jews. The Law represented only a limited period in their
national and religious history. But the addition of the early prophetic
and legal histories to the detailed laws prepared the way for the
expansion of the canon. This included first, the four historical books,
Joshua, Judges, Samuel, and Kings, with the exception of Ruth. These
were designated as the _Former Prophets_. Thus even the later Jews
recognized their true character and authorship. The second division of
the _Prophets_ included Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel, and the Book of the
Twelve, which contained the minor prophets.
[Sidenote: _Evidence that the historico-prophetic books were first added
to the Law_]
The order of the book and the probabilities of the situation suggest
that the _Former Prophets_, since they were the immediate sequel of the
prophetic histories of the Pentateuch, and recorded the deeds of such
heroes as David, Solomon, and Isaiah, were added first. That they also
bear the marks of late priestly revision, is direct evidence of the
esteem in which they were held by the late priestly school that
completed the canon of the Law. They therefore may have been added as
early as 300 B.C. They were certainly known to the author of Chronicles,
as his many quotations from them show, although it is difficult to see
how he would have felt as free as he does to substitute the testimony of
later tradition, if they were regarded as equally sacred with the Law.
[Sidenote: _Reverence for the prophetic word_]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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