[275] R. H. Coddrington, _The Melanesians_, p. 125. [276] H. A. Giles, _Chinese Literature_, p. 202. [277] Animism gave the priest another excuse for the failure of rites (besides those enjoyed by a mere magician), namely, that during, or since, the celebration some fresh offence against the gods had been committed. [278] Spencer and Gillen, _Northern Tribes of Central Australia_, pp. 453, 463. [279] A. W. Howitt, _Native Tribes of South-East Australia_, pp. 359-361-367. [280] Howitt, _op. cit._, p. 378. [281] E. B. Tylor, _Primitive Culture_, II. p. 148. [282] _The Mafulu_, p. 193. [283] _Op. cit._, p. 272. [284] Extract from a spell in Skeat’s _Malay Magic_, p. 571. [285] Howitt, _op. cit._, p. 397. [286] J. G. Frazer, _The Belief in Immortality_, p. 288. For similar instances see the same work, pp. 335 and 375. [287] Sarat Chandra Roy, “Magic and Witchcraft on the Chota Nagpur Plateau,” _J.R.A.I._, XLIV. p. 330. I have slightly altered the last sentence, which seems to have been misprinted. [288] _Religious Experience of the Roman People_, p. 215. [289] _The Todas_, pp. 30, 213. [290] _Religious Experience of the Roman People_, p. 286. But whether we should expect the idea to weaken with advancing civilisation must depend upon whether intelligent belief in the gods was increasing. Perhaps this was not the case at Rome. [291] _Polynesian Researches_, II. pp. 144 and 157 (1st ed.). [292] _Reports of the Cambridge Expedition to Torres Straits_, VI. p. 199. [293] Thomas Williams, _Fiji and the Fijians_, p. 209. [294] J. Mooney, “Sacred Formulas of the Cherokees” in _Am. B. of Ethn._, VII. p. 314 (1885-6). [295] _Heimskringla, St. Olaf’s Saga_, chs. cciv. and ccxl. [296] _Primitive Culture_, II. p. 273 (2nd ed.). [297] Codrington, _The Melanesians_, p. 145. [298] S. H. C. Hawtrey, “The Lengua Indians,” _Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute_, 1901. [299] “Shamanism,” _Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute_, XXIV. (1894-5). [300] Comparetti, _The Traditionary Poetry of the Finns_, p. 184. [301] Howitt, _op. cit._, p. 404. Is this type of the neophyte’s behaviour, which is conformed to on certain occasions by magicians and inspired priests in every age and country, itself conformed to the natural type of insanity or epilepsy; and, if so, consciously or unconsciously? [302] J. H. Weeks, _Among Congo Cannibals_, pp. 145 and 276. [303] Grey, _Polynesian Mythology_, chs. i. and vii. [304] _Origin and Growth of Religion as illustrated by Celtic Heathendom_, p. 225. [305] _Corpus Poeticum Boreale_, pp. 24, 34, 181, 196. [306] _Heimskringla Saga, Yuglingasaga_, chs. xvii.-xviii. [307] “Shamanism,” _Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute_, X., XIV. p. 85. [308] Weeks, _Congo Cannibals_, p. 265. [309] The fullest and most dramatic account of such possession may be found in Williams’ _Fiji and the Fijians_, p. 190. See below, p. 243. [310] Weeks, _Primitive Bokongo_, p. 215.