was taken by the Romans as the basis of their measures of capacity, and as possibly the gourd itself under its name of _Kyathos_ formed the lowest unit of capacity among the Greeks. We saw clearly that the catty has never become a weight-unit for precious metals among the Chinese, Annamites or Cambodians; the first named never having used any higher unit for such purpose than a bar of ten _taels_, and at the present day for the most part contenting themselves with the _tael_ or ounce, whilst the two latter still use the _nên_ or bar with its subdivisions into 10 _denhs_, or in other words, use as their highest monetary unit the tenfold of the _tael_ or ounce. We likewise found that in Annam among the less advanced peoples there was considerable evidence to show that the _bat_ or tical was originally the highest unit used for gold, and that this name _bat_ was applied to weights of different amount; thus the _chi_ which in commercial weight is only the quarter of a _bat_, is itself called the gold _bat_. The _bat_ itself was the third of the _tael_. We also found the bar of silver, the common monetary unit at the present moment, equated to the buffalo, the common unit of barter among the Bahnars, and finally we had a distinct tradition that not so long ago the wild tribesmen who win the gold dust from the sands of their native brooks did not as yet even weigh the metal by means of the grains of maize which are now employed, but that they measured off a small rod of gold an inch long as the equivalent of a buffalo.