Archaeology; Civilization, Ancient; Despotism; Greece -- History -- To 146 B.C.; Wealth
[Sidenote: Mercantile and marine developments at Corinth quoted by
Thucydides to illustrate the conditions that led to the rise
of tyrannies.]
In the passage of Thucydides[945] in which he associates the origin of
tyranny with the acquisition of wealth, one other development is
mentioned as characteristic of the age. “Greece began to fit out fleets
and took more to the sea.”
If the views expressed in the last chapter are not entirely mistaken,
then in Greece Proper the earliest phases of all these developments, in
politics, in industry, and in commerce by land and sea, are all to be
associated with Pheidon of Argos. But on the same showing Pheidon was a
man born rather before his time and not quite in the right place.
The town marked out by its situation[946] to develop the new tendencies
to the fullest was Corinth, and it is in fact from Corinth that
Thucydides draws his illustration, mentioning in this connexion the
shipbuilding of the Corinthian Ameinokles about 704 B.C. and the naval
battle between Corinth and Corcyra of about 664 B.C.[947] He says
nothing about Corinthian tyrants, but the description of the situation
at Corinth is simply a paraphrase of that of the general situation that
led to tyrannies[948]. Corinth is chosen to exemplify the normal course
of things in a seventh century Greek town, and it may be taken as
certain that Thucydides regards the tyranny at Corinth as the outcome of
the mercantile and maritime developments described in the passage just
quoted.
Only, what was the personal relationship of the tyrants to the new
developments?
[Illustration: Fig. 22. Corinthian vase found at Corinth.]
[Illustration: Fig. 23. Corinthian terra cotta tablet depicting a potter
at his wheel.]
[Illustration: Fig. 24. Corinthian terra cotta tablet depicting the
interior of a kiln.]
[Sidenote: Seventh century Corinth was also a great industrial centre,
especially for pottery.]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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