Archaeology; Civilization, Ancient; Despotism; Greece -- History -- To 146 B.C.; Wealth
Thus from the time when the Greek Demaratus is said to have settled in
Tarquinii to that at which the last Roman Tarquin is said to have sought
shelter in the Greek Cumae the series of Greek connexions implied in our
narrative is found reflected in the results of excavations. We have
based our conclusions on a mass of material from various sites scattered
all over Central Italy. [Sidenote: The finds from Rome itself confirm
the narratives by showing first Corinthian influence, then Ionian, and
then Attic.] The evidence from Rome itself could not have been made the
basis of the discussion. It is not sufficiently abundant. Its scantiness
however need cause no misgivings. It is sufficiently accounted for by
the unbroken ages of crowded occupation that differentiate Rome from the
surrounding cities. The finds from Rome, as far as they go, confirm the
other evidence by showing that first Corinth, then Ionia and finally
Athens did actually influence Rome during the period of the last royal
dynasty. Corinthian vases have been found in the city from time to
time[1279], though not, it should be noticed, in the Forum
cemetery[1280]. The influence of Ionia in the sixth century is seen in
such objects as a series of cups[1281] closely resembling the “later
Ionic vases” of the Munich catalogue[1282], or again in a bearded
antefix (fig. 37) found near the church of S. Antonia and compared by
Pinza[1283] with examples published by Boehlau in his _Aus ionischen
Nekropolen_[1284] (fig. 38), or yet again in the archaic terra cotta
head (fig. 39) found in 1876 near the church of the Aracoeli on the
Capitol[1285], which much resembles the stone head (fig. 40) from the
Athenian Acropolis described by Dickens as “an undoubtedly early example
of imported Chiot art[1286].” An amphora in the Attic black figure style
(fig. 41) has been found on the Quirinal[1287]. “The most exquisite
early Attic” is reported by Boni from the Palatine[1288]. Attic Ionic
influence has been seen in the Capitoline she-wolf (fig. 42), which is
held by Petersen to commemorate the expulsion of the kings, and may be
compared with the statue of a lioness put up at Athens to commemorate
Leaina, the mistress of the tyrannicide Aristogeiton[1289].
[Illustration: Fig. 39. Terra cotta head found on the Roman Capitol.]
[Illustration: Fig. 40. Stone head found on the Acropolis at Athens.]
[Illustration: Fig. 41. Vase in Attic black figure style found on the
Quirinal.]
[Illustration: Fig. 42. The Capitoline wolf.]
[Sidenote: Conclusions on the question of credibility.]
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