Natural history -- Scotland -- Orkney; Orkney (Scotland) -- Description and travel; Orkney (Scotland) -- History
There are certain localities where the terns take up their abode, and
they stick closely to the same ground year after year, never by any
chance making a nest twenty yards outside their usual breeding ground.
They begin to lay in the first week of June, but I have found eggs on
the last day of May. They lay two eggs, and sometimes three. When the
young are hatched the parents are kept busy supplying them with food,
which consists chiefly of sand-eels and herring fry. Their method of
fishing is to hover over the water, not unlike the way a hawk hovers
when watching its prey, and when they see a fish to make a dart on it,
rarely if ever failing to make a haul. They also prey on worms when
it is too stormy for fishing at sea. On a wet evening, when the worms
are having an outing, the terns are to be seen in hundreds all over
the island, hovering about six feet above the ground, every now and
again making a dart down, and, when successful, flying home with their
catch to the young. No time is lost, for the old bird seldom alights
when handing over the worm. It swoops down to where the young ones are
standing with outstretched necks and bills gaping, screaming out to let
their whereabouts be known, and then flies off again for more. When the
young are able to fly they accompany their parents over the island, and
occasionally do a little hunting on their own account.
About the first of August the young are fully fledged. Young and old then
assemble from all parts of the island to a piece of bare rocky ground on
the north-east corner, which they make their headquarters for about ten
days, flying out to sea for food, but always returning at night. About
the fifteenth of August they all disappear, and are seen no more till the
following May.
[Illustration: _Stormy petrel._]
The island is the headquarters of a large colony of stormy petrels. It
is not an easy matter to fix the exact date of their arrival, for they
are never seen during the day, and only come out of their holes at night.
They are first seen in the latter end of June, when on a fine clear night
one can see them flitting about close to the ground, very like swallows
in their movements. They begin to lay in July, and their nests are to be
found under stones and in rabbits’ holes. Almost the only way to find
them is to listen for their peculiar cry, which they keep up at intervals
the whole night through. If captured during the day, they seem quite
dazed when released, and at once fly into some dark place. The date of
their departure, like that of their arrival, is not easily fixed, but I
think it is during September. Young birds have been got on the lantern at
night as late as the end of September, but never in October.
[Illustration: _Eider duck (male)._]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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