The Orkney book : $b Readings for young Orcadians

Natural history -- Scotland -- Orkney; Orkney (Scotland) -- Description and travel; Orkney (Scotland) -- History

1542.      [Mary Queen of Scots born.]
  =1565.=      Lord Robert Stewart obtains a feu charter of Orkney and
                   Shetland.
   1567.      [Mary Queen of Scots deposed—James VI. proclaimed—Flight
                   of Bothwell to Orkney and Shetland.]
  =1568.=      The Islands resumed by the Crown of Scotland.
  =1581.=      Lord Robert Stewart earl.
   1588.      [The Armada.]
  =1592.=      Earl Patrick Stewart obtains the Islands.
   1603.      [Union of the Crowns of Scotland and England.]
  =1614.=      Execution of Earl Patrick.




APPENDIX II.

NORSE WORDS IN ORKNEY PLACE-NAMES.


The following is a list of the Norse words most commonly found in
place-names in Orkney, with their meaning. The forms in which they now
appear, as names or parts of names, are given in italic, except where the
old form is preserved with little change.

1. LAND FEATURES.

    =Ass=, ridge; _-house_.
    =Bjarg=, rocky hill; _-berry_, _-ber_.
    =Bratt=, steep; _brett-_.
    =Brekka=, slope; _-breck_.
    =Dal=, valley; _-dale_, _-dall_.
    =Fjall=, hill; _-fell_, _-fea_, _-fiold_.
    =Gil=, narrow glen; _-gill_.
    =Grjot=, gravel; _grut-_.
    =Hals=, neck, col; _hass_.
    =Hammar=, crag.
    =Haug=, mound; _howe_, _hox-_.
    =Hlith=, slope; _-lee_.
    =Hvāll=, =hōll=, hill; _hol-_, _hool-_.
    =Hvamm=, small valley, grassy slope; _quholm_.
    =Kamb=, ridge or crest; _kame_.
    =Knapp=, hilltop, knob.
    _Kuml_, burial mound; _cumla-_.
    =Leir=, clay; _ler-_.
    =Mel=, sandbank, sandy downs.
    =Mor=, pl. mos, moor; _mous-_, _-mo_.
    =Myri=, wet meadow; _-mire_.
    =Skal=, soft rock, shale; _skel-_.
    =Thufa=, mound; _-too_.
    =Varthi=, watch-tower; _ward_, _wart_.
    =Voll=, valley; _vel-_, _-wall_.

2. FRESH WATER.

    =A=, =o=, =or=, burn.
    =Brun=, well; _-burn_.
    =Fors=, waterfall; _furs-_.
    =Kelda=, spring.
    =Oss=, burn-mouth; _oyce_.
    =Tjörn=, small lake; _-shun_.
    =Vatn=, water; _watten_.

3. SHORE FEATURES.

    =Bakki=, banks; _-back_.
    =Barth=, projecting headland (edge of a hill, beak of a ship, etc.).
    =Berg=, mass of rock; _-ber_, _-berry_.
    =Bringa=, breast; _bring_.
    =Eith=, isthmus; _aith_, _-ay_, _-a_.
    =Ey=, island; _-ey_, _-ay_, _-a_.
    =Eyrr=, gravel beach; _ayre_.
    =Fles=, flat skerry; _flashes_.
    =Gnüp=, peak; _noup_.
    =Hella=, flat rock; _-hellya_.
    =Hellir=, cave; _-hellya_.
    =Hōlm=, small island.
    =Klett=, low rock; _-clett_.
    =Muli=, muzzle, lip; _mout_.
    =Nef=, növ, nose; _nevi_.
    =Nes=, nose; _-ness_.
    =Oddi=, sharp point; _od_.
    =Sker=, skerry.
    =Stakk=, pillar rock; _stack_.
    =Tangl=, tongue; _-taing_.

4. SEA FEATURES.

Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.

Opening the text

History

The Orkney book : $b Readings for young Orcadians

Natural history -- Scotland -- Orkney; Orkney (Scotland) -- Description and travel; Orkney (Scotland) -- History

1542.      [Mary Queen of Scots born.]
  =1565.=      Lord Robert Stewart obtains a feu charter of Orkney and
                   Shetland.
   1567.      [Mary Queen of Scots deposed—James VI. proclaimed—Flight
                   of Bothwell to Orkney and Shetland.]
  =1568.=      The Islands resumed by the Crown of Scotland.
  =1581.=      Lord Robert Stewart earl.
   1588.      [The Armada.]
  =1592.=      Earl Patrick Stewart obtains the Islands.
   1603.      [Union of the Crowns of Scotland and England.]
  =1614.=      Execution of Earl Patrick.




APPENDIX II.

NORSE WORDS IN ORKNEY PLACE-NAMES.


The following is a list of the Norse words most commonly found in
place-names in Orkney, with their meaning. The forms in which they now
appear, as names or parts of names, are given in italic, except where the
old form is preserved with little change.

1. LAND FEATURES.

    =Ass=, ridge; _-house_.
    =Bjarg=, rocky hill; _-berry_, _-ber_.
    =Bratt=, steep; _brett-_.
    =Brekka=, slope; _-breck_.
    =Dal=, valley; _-dale_, _-dall_.
    =Fjall=, hill; _-fell_, _-fea_, _-fiold_.
    =Gil=, narrow glen; _-gill_.
    =Grjot=, gravel; _grut-_.
    =Hals=, neck, col; _hass_.
    =Hammar=, crag.
    =Haug=, mound; _howe_, _hox-_.
    =Hlith=, slope; _-lee_.
    =Hvāll=, =hōll=, hill; _hol-_, _hool-_.
    =Hvamm=, small valley, grassy slope; _quholm_.
    =Kamb=, ridge or crest; _kame_.
    =Knapp=, hilltop, knob.
    _Kuml_, burial mound; _cumla-_.
    =Leir=, clay; _ler-_.
    =Mel=, sandbank, sandy downs.
    =Mor=, pl. mos, moor; _mous-_, _-mo_.
    =Myri=, wet meadow; _-mire_.
    =Skal=, soft rock, shale; _skel-_.
    =Thufa=, mound; _-too_.
    =Varthi=, watch-tower; _ward_, _wart_.
    =Voll=, valley; _vel-_, _-wall_.

2. FRESH WATER.

    =A=, =o=, =or=, burn.
    =Brun=, well; _-burn_.
    =Fors=, waterfall; _furs-_.
    =Kelda=, spring.
    =Oss=, burn-mouth; _oyce_.
    =Tjörn=, small lake; _-shun_.
    =Vatn=, water; _watten_.

3. SHORE FEATURES.

    =Bakki=, banks; _-back_.
    =Barth=, projecting headland (edge of a hill, beak of a ship, etc.).
    =Berg=, mass of rock; _-ber_, _-berry_.
    =Bringa=, breast; _bring_.
    =Eith=, isthmus; _aith_, _-ay_, _-a_.
    =Ey=, island; _-ey_, _-ay_, _-a_.
    =Eyrr=, gravel beach; _ayre_.
    =Fles=, flat skerry; _flashes_.
    =Gnüp=, peak; _noup_.
    =Hella=, flat rock; _-hellya_.
    =Hellir=, cave; _-hellya_.
    =Hōlm=, small island.
    =Klett=, low rock; _-clett_.
    =Muli=, muzzle, lip; _mout_.
    =Nef=, növ, nose; _nevi_.
    =Nes=, nose; _-ness_.
    =Oddi=, sharp point; _od_.
    =Sker=, skerry.
    =Stakk=, pillar rock; _stack_.
    =Tangl=, tongue; _-taing_.

4. SEA FEATURES.

Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.

The Orkney book : $b Readings for young Orcadians

The Orkney book : $b Readings for young Orcadians

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