In Orkney we have the islands of Papa Westray and Papa Stronsay (the _Papey meiri_ and _Papey minni_, or greater and lesser Papa of the Saga), Paplay in South Ronaldsay, Paplay in the parish of Holm, and Papdale, near Kirkwall, in the Mainland. In Shetland we have the isles of Papa—Papa Stour (_Papey stora_) and Papa Little (_Papey litla_), and Papill in the islands of Unst and Yell. Papa Stronsay, Papa Westray, and Paplay, in the Mainland of Orkney, are mentioned in the Saga. Papa Stour occurs in a deed of A.D. 1229 (Diplom. Norveg. i. 89), Papill in Unst in a deed of A.D. 1360 (Ibid. iii. 310), and a “Sigurdr of Pappley” is mentioned in the agreement between Bishop William of Orkney and Hakon Jonson, May 25, 1369 (Ibid. i. 404). Footnote 10: There is a cairn in Sanday called Ivar’s Knowe, which may be his burial mound. Footnote 11: Olaf Tryggvason’s Saga, Flateyjarbók, chap. 180, in the Appendix; and Ynglinga Saga, Heimskringla, chap. 22. Earl Sigurd’s grave-mound, on the estuary of the Oykel (Ekkialsbakki), was known in the 12th century as _Siwardhoch_, or Sigurd’s How, and is still identifiable in the modern Cyderhall. (See the note on Ekkialsbakki, p. 107 of the Saga.) Footnote 12: Landnamabók, chap. ii. Footnote 13: Laxdæla Saga, chap. iv. Footnote 14: Olaf Tryggvason’s Saga, Flateyjarbók, chap. 180, in Appendix. Footnote 15: This was done by hewing the ribs from the backbone, and tearing out the heart and lungs. Footnote 16: Bœndr, the odal landholders. (See note on this word, chap. i. of the Saga.) Footnote 17: Olaf Tryggvason’s Saga, Flateyjarbók, chap. 183, in Appendix. Footnote 18: Finnleik has been conjectured to be Finlay, the father of Macbeth. Footnote 19: Olaf Tryggvason’s Saga, Flateyjarbók, chap. 184, in Appendix. Footnote 20: Ibid. chap. 185. Footnote 21: This is probably the Celtic name Maelbrigd. Though it is suggestive of Macbeth, the date is too early for Macbeth MacFinlay. Footnote 22: The locality of Skida Myre has been identified by Munch with the Loch of Scister, in the parish of Canisbay. It seems rather to be indicated by the modern Skitten, as the name formerly applied to the great tract of moorland in the north-west corner of the parish of Wick, now generally known as the Moss of Kilmster. Footnote 23: Olaf Tryggvason’s Saga, Flateyjarbók, chap. 186, in Appendix. Footnote 24: “He kept Caithness by main force from the Scots.” (See Appendix, p. 209.) Footnote 25: Njal Saga, chap. lxxxvii. Footnote 26: Njal Saga, _loc. cit._ This Hundi should be the father of the Kali Hundason of the subsequent narrative. Footnote 27: Njal Saga, chap. clvi. Footnote 28: War of the Gaedhil with the Gaill, p. 191. Footnote 29: