On the 22nd of June the Superintendent was able to report from Fort Stedman: "The Southern Shan States have now all given in their submission; caravans of cattle and pedlars move about from State to State with perfect freedom and confidence, a condition of things which has hardly existed since the accession of King Thebaw in 1879." (Mr. Hildebrand's Report, June 22, 1887, par. 147.) FOOTNOTES: [34] "Yunnan," by Major H. R. Davies. [35] Ibid., p. 21. [36] Sir A. P. Phayre, "History of Burma," p. 13. [37] He was grinding wheat or paddy in a hand-mill. [38] General Sir Edward Stedman, G.C.B. [39] Sir Herbert White, K.C.I.E., late Lieut. Governor of Burma. CHAPTER XVI THE SHAN STATES (_continued_) The narrative in the last chapter took the history down to the end of June, 1887, when comparative peace had been established in the Southern States. The Northern States up to this time had not come under the influence of the Superintendent at Fort Stedman. The Chief Commissioner had decided that no expedition should be sent into those States until after the rains of 1887, unless it became absolutely necessary for the support of the friendly Sawbwa of Hsipaw. The chief had been able, as has been explained (p. 147), with the alliance of San Ton Hon to hold his own and to defeat their opponents headed by Naw Möng and the Chaunggwa Prince. If he had stopped at that point much misery and destruction would have been saved. But Hkun Saing's vanity had been inflated by the reception he had received at Mandalay when ten years' revenue had been remitted to him and the States of Möngtung, Manglön, and Hsumhsai made over to him, and he cherished visions of further aggrandisement. San Ton Hon was very much of the same mind.