The Pacification of BurmaCrosthwaite, C. H. T. (Charles Haukes Todd)
History
The Pacification of Burma
Crosthwaite, C. H. T. (Charles Haukes Todd)
Burma -- History -- 1824-1948
"It has resisted all our efforts to bring it to complete submission,
although some captives have been given up and a fine paid.... It is a
blot on our work to have left this village unsettled, but it commands
the Kan to Yokwa road, and I considered it better to leave it to stew
in its obstinacy and isolation rather than resort to drastic measures
which would have had the effect of driving the inhabitants into the
jungles and making the road unsafe. The boon of convoys and traders
and others being able to use safely and freely the road between Kan
and Haka without escorts was too great to risk the loss of it for the
satisfaction of an exercise of our power which, at the best in my
opinion, would have had but little effect in bringing about the desired
result."
At the same time he recorded his opinion that unless the Thetta people
gave in, the political officer would have to visit and compel them.
It was the old story. The Thettas thought forbearance was the sign
of weakness and fear. In November, 1890, they became openly hostile.
They committed a series of outrages, and at last brought matters to a
head by killing Mr. Wetherell, a young police officer, and attempting
the life of the political officer, Mr. Macnabb. In January, 1891, a
force of one hundred and forty rifles started from Haka to punish
the village. They had no guns. The village was strongly stockaded.
Lieutenant James, R.E., and two Gurkha sepoys were killed, and the
officer commanding decided that he could not storm the defences
without heavy loss. The Chins were invited to a parley, and they agreed
to pay a small fine for their misconduct and to yield an annual tribute
in future.
Such an arrangement was for us equivalent to a defeat. It was decided
to take up the coercion of the Baungshès in a businesslike manner. Two
strong columns, with guns, were despatched, one from Haka with Mr. Ross
as political officer, the other from Gungaw with Mr. Macnabb. They met
at Thetta without opposition, and recovered the fine which the Thetta
villagers had promised to pay, and traversed the Baungshè country,
receiving the submission of the villagers.
Thetta, however, was not yet subdued. They had defied us, killed our
men, and escaped with a small fine. In 1894 they began to rob and
murder, and when they were called to account they behaved themselves
proudly. On the 1st of January, 1895, a force under Major Keary,
D.S.O., of the 6th Burma Rifles, with Mr. H. N. Tuck as political
officer, occupied the village, arrested the chiefs, and disarmed the
villagers. The chiefs were afterwards degraded in open Durbar.
But the year 1891 was not to close without further difficulty. General
Symons, reporting to the Chief Commissioner from Haka, dated the 1st of
May, 1890, wrote (para. 9):--
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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