The Parochial History of Cornwall, Volume 2 (of 4)
History
The Parochial History of Cornwall, Volume 2 (of 4)
Cornwall (England : County) -- History; Geology -- England -- Cornwall (County)
There are few spots that have excited greater geological interest than
the serpentine tract of the Lizard, and no part of it will be found
more instructive than this parish.
By far the greater part of St. Kevern rests on magnesian rocks; but
north of a line drawn from Porthalla, nearly due west to Goonhilly
Downs, the rocks belong to the calcareous series. The latter rocks may
be seen on the coast from Porthalla to the Nare Point, and will be
found to resemble the series between Gorran and the Dodman Point. On
the left side of Porthalla Cove the blue slate abounds in veins and in
irregular nodules of calcspar; and at low-water-mark a more compact
variety is exposed, which evidently forms the passage into the black
limestone, loose fragments of which are sometimes found on the shore.
In a small creek within the Nare near Bostowda, is a large patch of
conglomerate, the pebbles and fragments of which have been derived
from the rocks which line the banks of the river Hellas as high up as
Gweek; but which bear no resemblance to the rock of the immediate
vicinity. This is the most decided instance of a fragmentary rock in
Cornwall.
The hollow occupied by the little stream which discharges itself at
Porthalla divides the calcareous shale from a rock of totally
different nature, videlicet serpentine, several varieties of which
form the neck of land stretching thence to Dranna Point.
At Porthoustock a glossy lamellar rock, already noticed as joining the
serpentine at Cadgwith, forms each side of the cove; but here, on
proceeding to the Manacles Point it may be seen passing into diallage
rock: the latter extends so far as Coverack, and also inland to the
foot of Goonhilly Downs. At Coverack the diallage rock appears to pass
into serpentine; but here again, as at Porthalla, the junction is a
concrete. The varieties of serpentine near Coverack Pier are numerous,
and several of them may be seen passing into each other, which in
other parts of the Lizard district form large and apparently
independent masses. From Coverack to Kennick Cove the cliffs are very
bold, and display different kinds of serpentine and diallage rocks,
and at Blockhead a large stratum of indurated steatite, beautifully
marked with brown arborescent figures on a yellow ground. At Kennick
Cove, red and olive green serpentine, abounding in scales of diallage,
and traversed by numerous veins of asbestos, talc, and calcareous
spar, are exposed to view on a grand scale; and at Gwinter, a little
north of the cove, diallage rock is accompanied by layers of beautiful
violet-coloured jade, or compact felspar, containing large plates of
diallage as metalloide as at Coverack.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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