With respect to _Marazion_ or _Marketjew_, I need not examine what has been said about Sion, Jerusalem, and the Jews; for it is wholly unfounded and absurd. _Marghas_, or in its softer form _Maras_, signifies a _market_, and _Iän_, of or belonging to an _island_. Hence _Marasían_ means the _Island-market_. This name is derived from St. Michael’s Mount, which is in fact an island; and to its monastery the market belonged. _Marghasjew_, as it is called in Elizabeth’s charter, or as we now speak, _Marketjew_, signifies _Thursday-market_: the charter, by which the privilege of a market was granted to the monks by Robert, earl of Cornwall, having appointed it to be kept on the _fifth_ day of the week. In Domesday the town is called _Tremarastol_, which signifies the _Market-town-of-the-monastery_. These three names, therefore, mutually explain one another; and their signification is confirmed by the historical facts. _Penzance_ is said to signify “the _Saint’s head_, or rather the _Head of the bay_.” Polwh. Hist. of Cornwall, vol. ii. p. 39. I believe that Mr. Polwhele quotes this from Tonkin. But did Tonkin himself expect that his readers would be satisfied with an etymology so indeterminate and contradictory? Yet this is the usual mode of explaining Cornish words. Camden says, that _Penzance_, or as he more correctly spells it, _Pensans_, means the _Head of the sands_. But Whitaker declares this to be unworthy of Camden; and he therefore gives us an improved interpretation of his own. For this purpose he reads Tonkin backwards; and as that writer renders _Pensans_ the _Head of the bay_, Whitaker asserts it to be the _Bay of the Head_! And this is unworthy of Whitaker. He says, the phrase is equivalent to _Mount’s bay_. But it was never imagined before, that the Cornish word _Pen_ could signify such an object as St. Michael’s Mount; and still less can it be supposed that a town would be denominated a _Bay_. Yet the real signification of _Pensans_ lay at his feet; for nothing can be more obvious and easy. The name is derived both from the little chapel of St. Anthony, which he himself describes, and from the point of land, on which that chapel stood. For there the town took its beginning; and there, of course, it found a name――that of the place which it occupied. Now a _point of land_ was in Cornish called _Pen_; and when it chanced to be distinguished by the erection of a chapel, it would naturally be denominated _sacred_ or _holy_, which was expressed by the word _san_, or if it was a terminal syllable, _sans_. Hence _Pensans_ signifies _Holy-head_; and in allusion to this, John the Baptist’s head is in the town-arms.