216 : 12. Gibbon, especially vols. III and IV, which contain numerous references, and the note to p. 135 : 25. 216 : 17. Tenney Frank, _Race Mixture in the Roman Empire_, pp. 704 _seq._ 217 : 3. Plutarch’s _Life of Pompey the Great_, and his _Life of Cæsar_; also Ferrero, _The Greatness and Decline of Rome_, vol. II, “Cæsar,” chap. VII. 217 : 12. Decline of the Romans and the Punic Wars. Livy, I, XXI _seq._, and Appian, _De rebus hispaniensibus_, and _De bello Annibalico_. Also Pliny, I, and Polybius, I. D’Arbois de Jubainville, 1, section entitled “Les Celtibères pendant la seconde guerre punique,” pp. 44 _seq._, says that Hannibal’s success in Rome was due to the aid of the Celts and the Celtiberians. Hannibal gained much of his army from the Celts of Spain, Gaul, and Cis-Alpine Gaul, as he marched toward Rome. 217 : 16. Social and Servile Wars. Plutarch’s _Lives_ of Fabius Maximus and of Sylla. 217 : 26. See the note to p. 51 : 18. 218 : 16. Tenney Frank, 1 and 2; Dill, 2, book II, chaps. II and III; and 1, book II, chap. I; Myers, _Ancient History_, pp. 498–499, 523–525. Bury, in _A History of the Later Roman Empire_, vol. I, chap. III, makes slavery, oppressive taxation, the importation of barbarians and Christianity the four chief causes of the weakness and failure of the Empire. Gibbon, vol I, at the end of chap. X, says, in speaking of the extinction of the old Roman families, that only the Calpurnian gens long survived the tyranny of the Cæsars. See the last three or four pages of the chapter. Also Frederick Adams Woods, _The Influence of Monarchs_, p. 295. 219 : 11–220 : 19. Frank, 1, p. 705. 220 : 21. See p. 216 of this book. 221 : 25. Gibbon; Lecky, _The History of European Morals_; and the note to p. 218 : 16. CHAPTER X. THE NORDIC RACE OUTSIDE OF EUROPE 223 : 2. Hall, _Ancient History of the Near East_, pp. 380 _seq._; Myers, _Ancient History_, p. 33, footnote. Also consult Von Luschan, _The Early Inhabitants of Western Asia_, p. 230. 223 : 5. DeLapouge, L’Aryen, pp. 200 _seq._ 223 : 5. Tamahu. Authorities above; Sergi, 4, pp. 59 _seq._; Beddoe, 4, p. 14, for the question of their race. 223 : 12. Broca, 1; Collignon, 5 and 7; Sergi, 1; and Ripley, p. 279. There are numerous articles on the blond Berbers and references to their relation to the Vandals. Ripley, based on Broca, gives the essential information. Gibbon, chap. XXXIII, is an important reference. Blond Moors. Procopius says, IV, 13, describing the fighting with the Moors in Mauretania beyond Mt. Aurasium, which is thirteen days’ journey west of Carthage: “I have heard Ortaias say that beyond these nations of Moors, beyond Aurasium, which he ruled” [apparently south] “there was no habitation of men, but desert land to a great distance, and that beyond this desert there are men, not black-skinned like the Moors, but very white in body and fair-haired.”