256 : 27–257 : 7. See pp. 20, 134, 238–239, of this book. 257 : 12. Bactria. See the note to p. 119 : 15. 257 : 16 _seq._ See the notes to pp. 158 and 253. Also Von Luschan, p. 243; Zaborowski, 1, p. 112; and the Indian Census, 1901, vol. I, p. 294. 257 : 19. Punjab. _Panch_—five, _ab_—river, in Hindustani. _Cf._ the Greek _penta_—five. 257 : 22. Dravidians. See pp. 148–149 of this book. 257 : 23. See the note to. p. 259 : 21 and Zaborowski, 1, pp. 113 seq. 257 : 28–258 : 2. See the note to p. 242 : 5. George Turnour’s edition in 1836, of the Mahavamsa, first made it possible to trace Sinhalese history and to prove that about the middle of the sixth century B. C. a band of Aryan-speaking people from India, under Vijaya conquered and settled Ceylon permanently. There are a number of later works on Ceylon, dealing with its archæology, flora, fauna, history, etc. According to the British Indian Census of 1901 nearly two-thirds of the inhabitants of Assam were Hindus, and the language of Hinduism has become that of the province. The vernacular Assamese is closely related to Bengali. E. A. Gait has written a _History of Assam_ (1906). 258 : 3. See the notes to pp. 158 and 253 of this book. 258 : 8. Zaborowski, 1, pp. 184–185. Compare de Morgan’s dates with those of Zaborowski, the Indian Census and Meillet. 258 : 19. See Meillet, _Introduction á l’étude des langues européens_. On p. 37 he claims that the relation between the two is comparable to that prevailing between High and Low German. Zaborowski, 1, p. 184, says: “The language of the Avesta, the Zend, is a contemporary dialect of the Persian of Darius (_i. e._, of Old Persian), from whence has come the Pehlevi and its very close relative. It even presents the closest affinities with the Sanskrit of the Vedas, from which was derived, in the time of Alexander, classical Sanskrit. This Sanskrit of the Vedas is itself so close to Old Persian that it can be said that one and the other are only two pronunciations of the same tongue.” See also the Indian Census for 1901, vol. I, p. 294. 258 : 25 _seq._ Zaborowski, 1, pp. 213–216; Peake, 2, pp. 165 _seq._ and especially pp. 169 and 172. 259 : 4. Ellsworth Huntington, _The Pulse of Asia_; Peake, 2, p. 170; and Breasted, _passim_. 259 : 9. See pp. 173, 237, 253–254 and 257 of this book. 259 : 16. See the notes to pp. 119 : 13 and 255 : 7. 259 : 21. Sacæ or Saka. The Sacæ or Saka were the blond peoples who carried the Aryan language to India. Strabo, 511, allies them with the Scythians as one of their tribes. Many tribes were called Sacæ, especially by the Hindus, who used the term indiscriminately to designate any northern invaders of India. One tribe gained the most fertile tract in Armenia which was called Sacasene, after them.