It is to be observed especially, as to the ground work of the Cabbalah, that the first manifestation was in the “_Ten Sephiroth_,” or Emanations, so called, out of which came the “_Heavenly Man_”; and the human or earth man represented these Ten Sephiroth in himself. “The lower world is made after the pattern of the upper world; everything which exists in the upper world is to be found as it were in a copy on earth; still the whole is one.” (Sohar i, 20 a.) Thus it is that the compass of the Cabbalah, by Sohar, is idealized in the form of a _man_. This man represented the combination of the Ten Sephiroth, or, as systematically called, _Emanations_, in which as a unity the whole cosmos existed in its segregated detail; and through which all knowledge thereof, physically, psychically and spiritually, was to be had, in passiveness and in activities;—and through which these activities, as of all potencies—as of angels and powers,—had their special existences. These Emanations had names of qualities, as Beauty, Strength, Wisdom, etc., etc., each name being located upon one of nine parts marked out on the form of the man; each of which was called a _Sephira_. The totality of the man being taken as _one_, this added to the nine made ten; and as a number this was the letter _jod_, already spoken of. The locations of these Sephiroth (shown as circles) are united one with another, so that one Emanation may flow into another; one into all, and all into one;—and the 22 letters of the alphabet with the 10 vowel sounds, are found therein, or thereby; and these are called the “_thirty-two ways or canals of Wisdom_”; and as these letters stood also for numbers, there is in this containment every possible mode of expression _by word and number_. The exposition of the Old Testament, especially the Thora, in the secret or esoteric way, is claimed under this statement;—that is, by numbering the letters of words, and by their permutations and changes of positions; so that this is one of the functions of the Emanations or Sephiroth; and a mighty one for disclosing the Wisdom of God. The Book Jetzirah deals especially with these letters and numbers: “_By thirty-two paths of secret wisdom_, the Eternal, the Lord of Hosts, the God of Israel, the living God, the King of the Universe, the Merciful and Gracious, the High and Exalted God, He who inhabiteth eternity, Glorious and Holy is His name, hath created the world by means of numbers, phonetic language and writing.” The Commentary on the Ten Sephiroth, by R. Azariel Ben Menachem, as its name implies, is directly in consonance with the Sohar.