The Paths of Inland Commerce; A Chronicle of Trail, Road, and WaterwayHulbert, Archer Butler
History
The Paths of Inland Commerce; A Chronicle of Trail, Road, and Waterway
Hulbert, Archer Butler
Transportation -- United States -- History
The Cumberland Road at once leaped into a position of leadership, both
in volume of commerce and in popularity, and held its own for two famous
decades. The pulse of the nation beat to the steady throb of trade along
its highway. Maryland at once stretched out her eager arms, along stone
roads, through Frederick and Hagerstown to Cumberland, and thus formed a
single route from the Ohio to Baltimore. Great stagecoach and freight
lines were soon established, each patronizing its own stage house or
wagon stand in the thriving towns along the road. The primitive box
stage gave way to the oval or football type with curved top and bottom,
and this was displaced in turn by the more practical Concord coach of
national fame. The names of the important stagecoach companies were
quite as well known, a century ago, as those of our great railways
today. Chief among them were the National, Good Intent, June Bug, and
Pioneer lines. The coaches, drawn by four and sometimes six horses, were
usually painted in brilliant colors and were named after eminent
statesmen. The drivers of these gay chariots were characters quite as
famous locally as the personages whose names were borne by the coaches.
Westover and his record of forty-five minutes for the twenty miles
between Uniontown and Brownsville, and "Red" Bunting, with his drive of
a hundred and thirty-one miles in twelve hours with the declaration of
war against Mexico, will be long famous on the curving stretches of the
Cumberland Road.
Although the freight and express traffic of those days lacked the
picturesqueness of the passenger coaches, nothing illustrates so
conclusively what the great road meant to an awakening West as the long
lines of heavy Conestogas and rattling express wagons which raced at
"unprecedented" speed across hill and vale. Searight, the local
historian of the road, describes these large, broad-wheeled wagons
covered with white canvas as
visible all the day long, at every point, making the highway look more
like a leading avenue of a great city than a road through rural
districts.... I have staid over night with William Cheets on Nigger
[Negro] Mountain when there were about thirty six-horse teams in the
wagon yard, a hundred Kentucky mules in an adjoining lot, a thousand
hogs in their enclosures, and as many fat cattle in adjoining fields.
The music made by this large number of hogs eating corn on a frosty
night I shall never forget. After supper and attention to the teams, the
wagoners would gather in the bar-room and listen to the music on the
violin furnished by one of their fellows, have a Virginia hoe-down, sing
songs, tell anecdotes, and hear the experiences of drivers and drovers
from all points of the road, and, when it was all over, unroll their
beds, lay them down on the floor before the bar-room fire side by side,
and sleep with their feet near the blaze as soundly as under the
parental roof.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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