14 30 Tammûs 1 15 Rabî‛a il-âkhir 1 2 July 1 17 18 13 29 Âb 1 14 Jumâdâ il-ûlâ 1 2 August 1 19 20 12 30 Aylûl 1 13 Jumâdâ 1 2 il-âkhirat 14 2 3 September 1 20 21 10 29 Tishry 1 11 Rajab 1 2 14 4 5 October 1 21 22 10 30 Ḥishwân 1 11 Sha‛bân 1 2 14 4 5 November 1 22 23 9 Ramaḍân 1 Kislû 1 14 6 6 December 1 23 23 9 Shawwâl 1 Ṭebet 1 14 6 6 TIME In Palestine villages the time of day is reckoned with reference to sunset, which is called twelve o’clock. If the sun should set at six o’clock, European time, then seven o’clock in the evening, as we should say, would be called the first hour of the night by the Arabs, and seven o’clock the next morning by our watches would be the first hour of the day according to Arab time. The two methods of keeping the time are termed, respectively, Arabi and Franji. CHAPTER XII FURTHER CONSIDERATIONS During fifteen years, Syrian migration to western countries grew apace. Whereas the Lebanon district had been the chief loser before, Palestine now sent large quotas. Among these latter were many men from the Ramallah region. There was no freedom at home. The political, religious and economic pressure became heavier. Release in foreign countries proved enticing to thousands. Besides the itinerating venders of dry goods and the operatives in mills, there were a number of students and graduates in arts, sciences, theology, law, medicine and engineering. Syrian artists and poets as well as prosperous merchants were known. From the time that Joseph went to Egypt, Syrians of ability have prospered in foreign countries.