WHITE VITRIOL (_Zinci Sulphas_). White vitriol is a valuable disinfectant, as it will arrest mortification. In solution it is employed in ulcers and cancers and also as a gargle in putrid sore throat. _Dose_--One-half to two grains in a pill; in solution, one to ten grains in an ounce of water. PERMANGANATE OF POTASH (_Potassæ Permanganas_). This substance is an energetic deodorizer and disinfectant. A solution containing from one to twenty grains in an ounce of water is used as a lotion for foul ulcers. _Dose_--One-eighth to one-fourth of a grain. WILD INDIGO (_Baptisia Tinctoria_). The root is the part used. This plant possesses valuable antiseptic properties. It is an excellent lotion for ill-conditioned ulcers, malignant sore throat, nursing sore-mouth, syphilitic ophthalmia, etc. It is sometimes administered in scarlet and typhus fevers, and in all diseases in which there is a tendency to putrescence. _Dose_--Of the infusion, one-fourth to one-half ounce; of the fluid extract, from three to ten drops, and of the concentrated, active principle of the plant, Baptisin, from one to two grains. ANTISPASMODICS. Antispasmodics are a class of remedies which relieve cramps, convulsions, and spasms, and are closely allied to nervines. Indeed some authors class them together. The following are a few of the most important antispasmodics: ASSAFETIDA (_Assafetida Ferula_). This is a powerful antispasmodic. It is employed in hysteria, hypochondria, convulsions, and spasms, when unaccompanied by inflammation. _Dose_--Of the gum or powder, from three to ten grains, usually administered in the form of a pill; of the tincture, from one-half to one teaspoonful. [Illustration: Fig. 120. Yellow Jessamine.] YELLOW JESSAMINE (_Gelseminum Sempervirens_). The root is the part used. This is a valuable remedy in various diseases when associated with restlessness and a determination of the blood to the brain; also in the neuralgia. _Dose_--Of the fluid extract, three to eight drops; of the concentrated principle, Gelsemin, one-fourth to one grain. The use of this drug by non-professional persons should be attended with great caution. VALERIAN (_Valeriana Officinalis_). The root is the part used. Valerian is an effective remedy in cases of nervousness and restlessness. _Dose_--Of the infusion, (one-half ounce to a pint of water) one-half ounce; of the tincture, one-half to two tablespoonfuls; of the ammoniated tincture of valerian, from one-half to two teaspoonfuls in sweetened water or milk; of the valerianate of ammonia, one-half to three grains. YELLOW LADY'S SLIPPER (_Cypripedium Pubescens_). The root is the part used. This is a useful remedy in hysteria, chorea, and all cases of irritability. _Dose_--Of the powder, fifteen to thirty grains; of the infusion, one ounce; of the fluid extract, fifteen to thirty drops; of the concentrated principle, Cypripedin, one-half to two grains.