The Pharaohs and Their People: Scenes of old Egyptian life and historyBerkley, E.
History
The Pharaohs and Their People: Scenes of old Egyptian life and history
Berkley, E.
Egypt -- History -- To 332 B.C.
The memorial chambers in which these feasts were celebrated were
adorned with pictures and carving representing the familiar scenes
of daily life, but in the gloomy recesses beyond mystic and awful
scenes are depicted. The representations of the gods, not often met
with in earlier times, had now become common and familiar; and so
does Amenti itself cease to be the ‘hidden’ world, and the scenes and
events of the life after death appear in visible though mystic shape.
The Egyptian from of old believed in the judgment before Osiris, but
now it was depicted. The heart is seen weighed in the balance; Osiris
is enthroned as judge; Thoth records the result.[62] The trials that
await the spirit take bodily form as foul and hideous monsters that
must be encountered and overcome; good and guardian powers appear as
star-crowned genii of light; and for the impure spirit the furnace of
purifying fire is kindled, behind which stands a figure holding in his
hand the emblem of the purity that must be won.
[Illustration: The Weighing of Actions.]
Nor is it the conflicts and triumphs of the human spirit alone that
are portrayed, but the conflicts and triumphs of the gods themselves.
We read in a very ancient chapter of the sacred book: ‘I am Ra in his
first supremacy—the great god, self-existing. There was a battle-field
of the gods prepared when I spake.’ Later on a more tangible shape and
form is given to this great battle. In the tomb of Seti I. we may see
it all in allegory and mystic symbol. Here is depicted in a series of
tableaux the ‘passage of the Sun through the hours of the day and of
the night,’ _i.e._ of the visible and invisible world, beholding and
ruling all, both mortal and immortal. Ra in his bark, the ‘ancient and
unknown One in his mystery,’ accompanied by gods and spirits, finds
the ‘field of battle prepared.’ The serpent of evil, Apepi, lies in
wait, hidden beneath the waves of the celestial rivers—the ether.
After a hard struggle he is drawn out and destroyed, and the heavenly
bark disappears in peace behind the western horizon, received by the
mother goddess Nut.[63] A hymn addressed to Ra, ‘Lord of the horizon,’
celebrates his triumph: ‘Thou awakenest, triumphant and blessed One,
thou who comest in radiance and travellest in thy disk! Thy divine
bark[64] speeds on, blest by thy mother Nut each day; thy foes fall
as thou turnest thy face to the western heaven. Glad are the mariners
of thy bark; Ra hath quelled his impious foe, he striketh down the
evil one, thou breakest his strength, casting him into the fire that
encircleth in its season the children of wickedness.’
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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