[1] See Morga's account of the martyrdom of the Franciscans, in his _Sucesos_ (Hakluyt Soc. trans.), pp. 78-84; and that by Santa Inés, in his _Crónica_, ii, pp. 273-581, 621-644. The latter writer furnishes also biographical sketches of the martyrs (among whom was Pedro Baptista). They were canonized in 1862. Taikô-sama was a name adopted by Hideyoshi in 1591, when he made a partial abdication of his power in favor of an adopted son. He died in September, 1598. [2] This confraternity was founded (1594) at Manila by a priest named Juan Fernandez de León, who came to the islands in 1591. The association was planned in imitation of that at Lisboa, and included prominent members of all the orders, as well as secular persons. Its first presiding officer was Luis Pérez Dasmariñas. In conjunction with the Franciscans, the Confraternity of La Misericordia ("mercy") administered the hospital for many years. See Santa Inés's _Crónica_, ii, pp. 200-215. [3] This was Fray Martin de León, according to Santa Inés (_Crónica_, ii, p. 270). [4] Food prepared from the sago-palm (see _Vol_. IV, p. 276). [5] Husk of the cocoa-nut (Retana's edition of Zúñiga's _Estadismo_, ii, p. 449*). [6] _Ketchil_, a Malay word signifying "little, young;" hence a young man of distinction, a son or brother of the Molucca princes: in Amboina it is the designation of the heir-apparent. Marsden's _Dictionary_, cited by Stanley, in his translation of Morga (Hakluyt Soc. publications), p. 59. [7] The salambao is a raft of reeds or bamboo; on which is erected an apparatus not unlike the mast and yard of a square-rigged ship. To one end of the yard is attached a net which may be raised from and lowered into the water. This contrivance is called by the natives _timba_. See full description of the salambao, and of other native modes of fishing, in Zúñiga's _Estadismo_ (Retana's ed.), i, pp. 199, 200; and illustration of this apparatus in F. Jagor's _Travels in the Philippines_ (London, 1875), p. 47. [8] "The black people or Caffares of the land of Mozambique, and all the coast of Ethiopia and within the land to the Cape de Bona Speranza." ... "The Portingales do make a living by buying and selling of them" (Linschoten's _Voyage_ (Hakluyt Soc. trans., London, 1885), vol. i, pp. 269, 277). [9] _Blanca_: half a maravedi, equivalent to nearly one mill in U.S. money. [10] A law dated 1556 provides that jettisons are to be reckoned as risks in common, and to be distributed among ship, freight-money, and cargo. See _Recop. leyes Indias_ (ed. 1841), lib. ix, tit. xxxix, ley x. [11] Apparently referring to Fray Marcelo de Rivadeneira, one of the Franciscans who went to Japan with Pedro Baptista. Rivadeneira wrote a book, _Historia de las islas del Archipiélago_, etc. (Barcelona, M.DC.I), which describes the countries of Eastern Asia, and relates the history of Franciscan missions therein.