the men were laid their weapons, and beside the women their looms or other implements of work" (Colin).--_Rizal_. [162] _Kasis._ This is another instance of the misapplication of this Arabic term, which means exclusively a Christian priest.--_Stanley_. [163] This custom has not fallen into disuse among the Filipinos, even among the Catholics.--_Rizal_. Lieutenant Charles Norton Barney, of the medical department of the U. S. Army, has an article in _Journal_ of the Association of Military Surgeons for September, 1903, on "Circumcision and Flagellation among the Filipinos." In regard to circumcision he states that it "is a very ancient custom among the Philippine _indios_, and so generalized that at least seventy or eighty per cent of males in the Tagal country have undergone the operation." Those uncircumcised at the age of puberty are taunted by their fellows, and such are called "_suput_," a word formerly meaning "constricted" or "tight," but now being extended to mean "one who cannot easily gain entrance in sexual intercourse." The "operation has no religious significance," nor is it done for cleanliness, "but from custom and disinclination to be ridiculed," probably [as Morga proves] having been learned from the Moros. The friars were unable to check the custom. Among the Tagals the operation is called "_tuli_," and the method of circumcising is described at length. The author derives his information from a mestizo and a full-blooded native. The custom is mentioned by Foreman. [164] Appellation given to their ecclesiastical sages by Mahometans. [165] See the king's decree granting this coat-of-arms, in _Vol_. IX, pp. 211-215, with two representations of the coat-of-arms. [166] Convents occupy almost one-third part of the walled city.--_Rizal_. [167] The walls did not even have any moats then; these were dug after the English invasion of 1762. The walls were also rearranged at that time, and perfected with the lapse of time and the needs that arose in the city.--_Rizal_. [168] Rizal misprints _al cabo del lienco_ as _al campo del lienzo_. [169] Now [1890] the gates of the city are open all night, and in certain periods, passage along the streets and through the walls is allowed at all hours.--_Rizal_. [170] This powder-mill has several times changed its site. It was afterward near Maalat on the seashore, and then was moved to Nagtaha, on the bank of the Pasig.--_Rizal_. [171] Probably on the same site where the great Tagal cannon-foundry had formerly stood, which was burned and destroyed by the Spaniards at their first arrival in Manila. San Agustin declares the Tagal foundry to have been as large as that at Malaga.--_Rizal_. [172] The Rizal edition omits the words, _muy grande y autorizada, capilla aparte, camara del sello real_. [173] The treasury building. The governor's palace was destroyed in 1863.--_Rizal_. [174] The Audiencia and cabildo buildings were also destroyed, but the latter has been rebuilt.--_Rizal_.