[58] The editors of _Voyage of Pyrard de Laval_ (ii, p. 357, _note_) say of the clove: "It is curious that this spice seems not to have been known to the Romans, nor to any Europeans till the discovery of the Moluccas by the Portuguese." Duarte Barbosa, in _East Africa and Malabar_ (Stanley's trans., Hakluyt Society edition, London, 1866), pp. 219-220, quotes cloves from Maluco as worth per bahar in Calicut 500 and 600 fanoes; and, when clean of husks and sticks, 700 fanoes, 19 fanoes being paid as export duty. At Maluco they were worth from one to two ducats per bahar, and in Malacca as much as fourteen. Captain John Saris (see Satow's edition of _Voyage of Capt. John Saris_, Hakluyt Society publications, p. 33) bought cloves for "60 rials of 8 per Bahar of 200 Cattyes." [59] See Satow's _Voyage of Capt. John Saris, ut supra_, pp. 224, 225, 228, 229, for names and prices of various kinds of silks. [60] _Cuarto_: a copper coin worth four maravedis. [61] Saris (_Voyage_, pp. 216, 225) mentions the following Chinese goods: "Veluet Hangings imbroydered with gold, eighteene Rialls; vpon Sattins, fourteene Rials." "Imbrodered Hangings, called Poey, the best ten Rials the piece." [62] Spanish, _palo de China_; also known as "China root;" the root of _Smilax china_. It is not now used, but formerly had great repute for the cure of venereal diseases as well as for gout. Linschoten has a long account of its virtues and mode of use, in _Voyage_ (Hakluyt Society's edition), ii, pp. 107-112; see also i, p. 239. Cf. Pyrard de Laval's _Voyage_, i, p. 182. [63] The cruzado was an old coin of Castilla and Portugal. The Castilian coin was of gold, silver, or copper, and of different values. The Portuguese coin, evidently the one of our text, was worth ten reals de vellon in Spain. See _Dicc. nacional ... de la lengua Espanola_ (Madrid, 1878). [64] So in the copy which we follow. Literally translated this is "butter," which causes doubt as to the correctness of the copy.