The Philippine Islands, 1493-1898 — Volume 20 of 55: 1621-1624; Explorations by early navigators, descriptions of the islands and their peoples, their history and records of the Catholic missions, as related in contemporaneous books and manuscripts, showing the political, economic, commercial and religious conditions of those islands from their earliest relations with European nations to the close of the nineteenth century.
History
The Philippine Islands, 1493-1898 — Volume 20 of 55: 1621-1624; Explorations by early navigators, descriptions of the islands and their peoples, their history and records of the Catholic missions, as related in contemporaneous books and manuscripts, showing the political, economic, commercial and religious conditions of those islands from their earliest relations with European nations to the close of the nineteenth century.
Demarcation line of Alexander VI; Missions -- Philippines; Philippines -- Discovery and exploration; Philippines -- History -- Sources
Rev. T.C. Middleton, in a recent communication, says that the term
"provisor" was apparently used only by the Spanish and Spanish
colonies. It is not to be found in Ferrario, Moroni, or Soglia,
and has no legal equivalent in English. It generally appears linked
with another term as "provisor y vicario capitular" or "provisor y
vicario general." An archbishop or bishop usually had his "provisor"
whose powers were apparently the same as a vicar-general's or a
vicar-capitular's. The nomination, or creation, of a vicar-general is
in the hands of an archbishop or bishop; whereas a vicar-capitular
is chosen only when a see becomes vacant, the cathedral chapter
naming the person, who is to rule (during the said vacancy) with
title of "vicar-capitular." In the United States, since there are
no cathedral chapters, there are in consequence no vicars-capitular,
their place, etc., being taken by an administrator, who is chosen by
the metropolitan, unless already named by the former occupant of the
vacant see.
[10] The discalced Franciscans were founded by St. Francis of
Assisi, under the name Friars Minor, and the rule was very binding
and strict. Under the immediate successor of St. Francis, Elias of
Cortona, sprang up a branch of the order, made up of former members
who wished a less strict rule, and those who wished to preserve the
strict rule were persecuted. The members of the relaxed branch became
known as "Conventuals" or "Minors Conventual" in contradistinction to
the Friars Minor (or Minorites), who are known also as "Observants"
or "Observantines." Three great branches sprang later from the
Friars Minor: Reformed Minors, founded in 1419, by St. Bernardino of
Siena; the Recollects, founded in 1500, by John of Guadalupe; and
the Alcantarines, founded in 1555, by St. Peter of Alcantára--but
all under one head or chief superior, termed minister-general. The
Alcantarines wore a white habit, the others brown, except in England
and Spanish countries, where they wear gray. In 1897, Pope Leo XIII,
by his Bull _Felicitate quadam_ ordered the Observants, Reformed,
Discalced, or Alcantarines, and the Recollects, to unite under the
same general superior, to use the same constitutions, to wear the same
habit, and to bear the same name, viz., "Friars Minor." The Conventuals
and Capuchins were to remain distinct orders as heretofore. The term
_paño_ in the text refers to the Conventuals, the less strict branch
of the Franciscans, who were wont to dress in what one might call
"fine raiment"--habits of cloth, as distinguished from the coarse
serge-like stuff of the others. Cf. Addis and Arnold's _Catholic
Dictionary_.--_Rev. T.C. Middleton_.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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