[133] Jagor cites, in a footnote at this point, a portion of Le Gentil's description of the power of the friars in the Philippines, which is to be found in vol. ii, p. 183, of that author; and _ante_, in our extract from Le Gentil, pp. 210-219. [134] _Leg. ult._, i, 266, Sec.Sec. 87, 89. [135] Probably _Memorias historicas y estadisticas de Filipinas y particularmente de la grande isla de Luzon_ (imprint from _Diario de Manila_, 1850), by Rafael Diaz Arenas. [136] See _Recopilacion de leyes de Indias_, lib. ii, tit. xvi, ley liv (dated: Valladolid, April 29, 1549, Carlos I and the queen of Bohemia; Valladolid, April 16 and May 2, 1550, Maximiliano and the queen; Valladolid, May 9, 1569, Felipe II), and tit. vi, ley xxvi (dated: Madrid, July 20, 1618, Felipe III; ordinance 139 of 1636, Felipe IV), which forbid alcaldes and other officials to trade, to use the money of the communal funds of the natives, or to compel the latter to serve them. Lib. v, tit. ii, treats in great part of the office of the alcalde, and ley xlvii (dated: Madrid, July 10, 1530, Carlos I; Valladolid, September 4, 1551, Carlos I and the queen of Bohemia; Pinto, April 4, 1563, Felipe II; Lisboa, August 31, 1619, Felipe III), declares that the alcaldes and others are included in the prohibition to trade. (Cited by Jagor.) [137] By royal decree of July 17, 1754. (Cited by Jagor.) [138] Renouard de St. Croix, ii, p. 124. (Cited by Jagor.) [139] This note is as follows: "The _obras pias_ are pious legacies, in which it was generally determined that two-thirds were to be loaned at interest for maritime commercial enterprises, until the premiums--which for the risk to Acapulco reached 50 per cent, to China, 25 per cent, and to the Indias, 35 per cent--had increased the original capital to a certain amount. Then the interest of that amount was to be applied to the good of the soul of the founder, or to pious or charitable ends (Arenas, _Historia_, p. 397). One-third was usually retained as a reserve, to cover chance losses. These reserve funds were long ago claimed by the government as compulsory loans, 'but they are still regarded as existing.' "When the trade with Acapulco came to an end, the capitals could no longer be employed in accordance with the request of the founder, and they were loaned at interest in other ways. By a royal decree, dated November 3, 1854 (_Leg. ult._ ii, p. 205), an administrative council is appointed to take charge of the money of the _obras pias_. The total capital of five foundations (or rather only four, since one of them no longer has any capital) amounts to a trifle less than one million dollars [_i.e._, pesos]. From that amount the profit obtained from the loans is distributed according to the amount of the original capital--which is, however, no longer in existence in cash, because the government has disposed of it." [140] _Ut supra_, ii, p. 336. (Cited by Jagor.)