Manuel Español was born in Aren, May 11, 1639, and entered the Jesuit order on November 21, 1656. Seven years later he came to the Philippine Islands. He was minister at the college of Manila two years, and afterward labored in the missions of Siao and Ternate for many years. He died in Manila, on March 10, 1684. (Murillo Velarde, ut supra, fol. 356.) [45] Murillo Velarde says (ut supra, fol. 302): "On the first of November, 1677, the Dutch seized Siao, called thither by Don Geronimo Daras, a rival and enemy of the king Don Francisco (who was a good Catholic, and a friend of the Spaniards); they went to conquer it, and left as governor of the island Robert Paagbrugue. They carried away to Malayo the fathers who were ministering there. They cut down the clove trees, and established several small forts with some artillery; and left there about two hundred men, with a preacher, who instructed the natives in regard to their errors. At first some of the Siaos resisted; but now they are most obstinate heretics, and very bitter enemies of the Catholic religion--as I found in some who strayed to Manila in those days; although some were finally converted, and I baptized a boy of fourteen years who learned the [Christian] doctrine readily." [46] i.e., "a time of peace, a time of war." [47] Spanish, Del monte sale, quien al monte quema, "indicating that the losses we suffer usually proceed from persons allied to us, or who live near us" (Dominguez). [48] Here, as in several other places in our text, we omit various pious reflections and citations from Scripture or the fathers of the church, simply through the pressure of valuable historical matter upon our limited space. [49] i.e., "If for my sake this tempest has arisen, cast me into the sea," paraphrasing rather than quoting the prophet's words (Jonah, i, v. 12). [50] Juan Caballero was born in Córdoba in 1629, and made his profession in the Augustinian order at Sevilla (by a typographical error in Pérez's Catálogo, in 1637; probably, 1657). He came to Manila in the mission of 1669; three years later, was elected prior of Cebú, and in 1674 prior of Manila, where he died in 1685. [51] Biographical notices of these friars, and of others mentioned by Diaz in like connection, may be found in Pérez's Catálogo. [52] Spanish, colegial del mayor. A colegio mayor is defined by Dominguez as "a community of youths, laymen of distinguished families, who devote themselves to various studies, living in a certain seclusion, and under a collegiate rector, whom they appoint, usually each year." [53] Spanish, catedratico de decreto. The Decreto was the book compiled by Gratianus which forms the first part of the canon law.