The Philippine Islands, 1493-1898; Volume 50: Explorations by early navigators, descriptions of the islands and their peoples, their history and records of the catholic missions, as related in contemporaneous books and manuscripts, showing the political, economic, commercial and religious conditions of those islands from their earliest relations with European nations to the close of the nineteenth century
History
The Philippine Islands, 1493-1898; Volume 50: Explorations by early navigators, descriptions of the islands and their peoples, their history and records of the catholic missions, as related in contemporaneous books and manuscripts, showing the political, economic, commercial and religious conditions of those islands from their earliest relations with European nations to the close of the nineteenth century
Demarcation line of Alexander VI; Missions -- Philippines; Philippines -- Discovery and exploration; Philippines -- History -- Sources
to those against Raón, in regard to the expulsion of the Jesuits
and the conspiracy against Galvan, and are not repeated in detail,
especially as he had died before the conclusion of the legal process
against him. He was also an intimate friend of the Jesuits, being a
"third brother" of theirs, that is, affiliated to them through a third
or lay order, like those of other regular corporations; he prevented
the execution of some measures against them, and allowed them to take
whatever they desired from their archives which had been seized; he
was in constant and secret communication with the expelled priests,
and spent money for them as they directed him; he allowed them to
carry money and papers on board the ship; he spoke disparagingly
of the king and his ministers, and their proceedings against the
Jesuits; he falsified records, and compelled the notaries to make
false entries; and, besides all these, he was drunken, licentious,
and extravagant. Raón and Basaraz died soon after the beginning of
proceedings against them; "and Villacorta did not raise his head
after he saw the charges, and that all of them were documentary; and
finally he also showed the bad taste to go to accompany the others,
at the very time when he finished making his defense;" accordingly,
Cosio was the only one left to send to Spain. Anda recounts the
aid and kindness which he showed to all the accused, allowing them
abundance of money, attendance, and liberty, and sending Basaraz to
a hospital, and afterward to one of the best houses in the city, for
the sake of his health; Cosio is the only one who experienced any
severity, being sent to Fort Santiago. Nevertheless, Anda expects
that many will try to make trouble for him, by misrepresenting or
calumniating him, and accusing him of having caused those deaths by
undue severity; he desires, however, that "those malicious acts be
not attributed to him which, as he has known, have been represented
at the court by the friars, and the prisoners, and especially the
blessed [bendito, ironically] Father Serena." Another auditor, Juan
Antonio de Uruñuela, was also accused of voting at Raón's dictation,
and being concerned in the conspiracy against Galvan; he also brought
to the islands 3,000 pesos, which he placed in charge of the friars,
who included it and other property of his with their own money,
as all being "for their missions in China," so that he might not
have to pay duties on it. Cosio and Raón's friends attempted to show
that the archbishop had warned the Jesuits of their expulsion; but
Raón's own testimony had disproved that accusation. Anda was unable
to conclude the proceedings against the accused, for when he reached
Manila he found that the Audiencia contained only Villacorta, Basaraz,
and Uruñuela; "and although two auditors came in company with him,
Don Francisco Ignacio Gonzalez Maldonado and Don Juan Francisco Anda
(his own nephew), the former gave indications of perversity in the
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