[85] It is another instance of the old tendency to emphasize political evils and remedies, and neglect economic considerations, in the Philippines. The labor monograph of V. S. Clark, above cited, brings out the fact that higher wages for Filipinos since 1898 are in part only a compensation for the previous penalization of the Filipino laborer through a declining medium of exchange. [86] In Report of Philippine Commission, 1904, iii, pp. 487-503; and ibid., 1905, iv, pp. 71-87. [87] See M. Sastrón, La insurrección en Filipinas (Madrid, 1897 and 1901), chap. i, for a summary of the reforms of the '80's and 1893. [88] It is thus that, from their point of view, the Philippine friars and their Spanish clerical-conservative defenders have branded the Filipino campaign, eventually for separation, as entirely produced and fostered by Spanish Liberalism. [89] List of Books (with references to periodicals) relating to the theory of colonization, government of dependencies, protectorates, and related topics, by A. P. C. Griffin (Washington, 1900). It is inserted also in O. P. Austin's Colonial administration, 1800-1900 (from Summary of Commerce and Finance of the United States for March, 1903). [90] The Statesman's Yearbook and such general works of reference will merit consultation; but it should be remarked that, prior to 1898, encyclopedias, annuals, etc., commonly treated the Philippines rather cursorily and not always accurately, while, generally speaking, the Spanish colonies have had very inadequate consideration at the hands of English and American authors and editors. For the special subjects of military and naval organization, see Salinas y Angulo's Legislación militar (Manila, 1879), and Rodriguez Trujillo's Memoria sobre la Marina (Manila, 1887), both cited in the Bibliography. [91] Published in La España Oriental, Manila, 1893, and La Política de España en Filipinas, 1893-94. See Pardo de Tavera's Biblioteca, no. 1496; note also his no. 2702, under Tiscar. [92] It is to be emphasized, however, that this abstract shows only the framework of that government, and that just as it stood (on paper) at the beginning of 1898, its author not having traced the development of that organism even for a few years back nor learned that some of the provisions he outlined were not really in practice.