The Philippines: Past and Present (Volume 2 of 2)Worcester, Dean C. (Dean Conant)
History
The Philippines: Past and Present (Volume 2 of 2)
Worcester, Dean C. (Dean Conant)
Philippines; Philippines -- History -- 1898-1946
Morga, who was in the Philippines from 1595 to about 1608, and is
admittedly the most reliable chronicler of the events of those early
days, has given the following interesting account of the conditions
then existing: [62]--
"There are three classes of persons among the natives of these
Islands, by which the commonwealth is divided: principales, of
whom I have spoken before; timawa which is the same as plebeians,
and slaves, of principales as well as of timawa. These slaves were
of various classes: some are in entire servitude and slavery, like
those which we have, and these are called sagigilir; they served
in the interior of the houses and so also the children descended
from them; others, who have their own dwellings, which they inhabit
with their family, away from the house of their master, and these
come in at times to help the latter in their fields and crops, as
also aboard the vessel when they embark, and in the construction
of their houses whenever they erect such, and they also serve in
their houses whenever there is a guest of some distinction, and
they are under obligation, whenever the master has them called,
to come to his house and to serve him in this ministry without pay
or other stipend; these are called namamahai, and their children
and descendents are slaves of the same condition. Of these slaves
sagigilir and namamahai there are some who are slaves entirely,
and others who are only half slaves, and others who are slaves
only for a fourth part. This originates thus: if either the father
or the mother was free and they had a single child, the latter
was half free and half slave. If they had more than one child,
the children were distributed in this way: the first followed the
condition of the father, be he free or a slave, and the second
that of the mother; and if the number was uneven, the last child
was half free and half slave; and those descended from such child,
if they had a free father or a free mother, remained slave only
for a fourth part, because they were children of a free father,
or mother, and of a half slave. These half or quarter slaves,
namamahai or sagigilir, serve their masters only every second
month, respectively, in proportion to their condition as slave.
"Among the natives the ordinary price of a slave sagigilir used
to be, if much, ten taes of good gold, worth 80 pesos, and if he
is a namamahai half of that, and thus in proportion the others,
taking into account the personality and age.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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