The philosophical and mathematical commentaries of Proclus on the first book of Euclid's elements (Vol. 1 of 2) : $b To which are added, A history of the restoration of Platonic theology, by the latter Platonists: And a translation from the Greek of Proclus's Theological elementsProclus
Philosophy
The philosophical and mathematical commentaries of Proclus on the first book of Euclid's elements (Vol. 1 of 2) : $b To which are added, A history of the restoration of Platonic theology, by the latter Platonists: And a translation from the Greek of Proclus's Theological elements
Proclus
Euclid. Elements; Platonists
that which I contain as most simple, is nothing else than this_.
And after this manner it is proper to hear the geometrician addressing
us. Euclid, therefore, from a negation of parts, declares to us a
principle, leading to the theory of its whole subject nature. For
negative discourses are proper to principles, as Parmenides teaches
us, who delivers the doctrine concerning the first and last cause,
by negations alone. Since every principle consists of an essence
different from its flowing consequents; and the negations of these
exhibit to us the property of their source. For that it is, indeed, the
cause of these, yet at the same time has nothing in common with these,
becomes perspicuous from a doctrine of this kind. But here a doubt may
arise, how, since the phantasy receives all things invested with forms,
and in a partible manner, the geometrician beholds in it the point
destitute of parts? For it is not because they are reasons existing in
cogitation, but the phantasy receives the resemblances of intellectual
and divine forms according to its own proper nature, exhibiting in its
shadowy bosom the forms of formless natures, and clothing with figure
things entirely free from the affections of figure. To this ambiguity
we must say, that the species of imaginative motion is neither alone
partible, nor impartible; but that it proceeds from the impartible to
the partible, and from the formless nature to that which is expressed
by form. For if it was partible alone, it could not preserve in itself
many impressions of forms, since the subsequent would obscure the
pre-existent figures: for no body can contain at once, and according
to the same situation, a multitude of figures; but the former will
be blotted out by the succession of the latter. But if it was alone
impartible, it would not be inferior to cogitation, and to soul, which
surveys all things in an impartible manner. Hence, it is necessary that
it should indeed begin from an impartible according to its motion, and
from thence draw forth the folded and scattered form of every thing
falling under cogitation, and penetrating to its shadowy receptacle:
but, that it should at length end in form, figure, and interval. And
if it be allotted a nature of this kind, it will, after a certain
manner, contain an impartible essence: and a point, according to this,
must be said to have its principal subsistence: for the form of a
line is contracted in the phantasy according to this. Hence, because
it possesses a twofold power, impartible and partible, it will indeed
contain a point in an impartible, and intervals in a partible manner.
But as the Pythagoreans define a point to be unity having position, let
us consider what they mean. That numbers, indeed, are more immaterial
and more pure than magnitudes, and that the principle of numbers is
more simple than the principle of magnitudes, is manifest to every one:
but when they say that a point is unity endued with position, they
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