The philosophical and mathematical commentaries of Proclus on the first book of Euclid's elements (Vol. 1 of 2) : $b To which are added, A history of the restoration of Platonic theology, by the latter Platonists: And a translation from the Greek of Proclus's Theological elementsProclus
Philosophy
The philosophical and mathematical commentaries of Proclus on the first book of Euclid's elements (Vol. 1 of 2) : $b To which are added, A history of the restoration of Platonic theology, by the latter Platonists: And a translation from the Greek of Proclus's Theological elements
Proclus
Euclid. Elements; Platonists
dyadic, and a solid body triadic.] From whence also, Aristotle[133]
says; that body is perfected by the ternary number. And, indeed, this
is not wonderful, that a point, on account of its impartibility,
should be assimilated to unity; but that things subsequent to a point,
should subsist according to numbers proceeding from unity, and should
preserve the same proportion to a point, as numbers to unity; and that
every one should participate of its proximate superior, and have the
same proportion to its kindred, and following degree, as the superior
to this, which is the immediate consequent. [[134]For example, that
a line has the order of the duad with respect to the point, but of
unity to a superficies; and that this last has the relation of a triad
to the point, but of the duad to a solid.] And on this account, body
is tetradic, with respect to a point, but triadic as to a line. Each
order, therefore, has its proportion; but the order of the Pythagoreans
is the more principal, which receives its commencement from an exalted
source, and follows the nature of beings. For a point is indeed
twofold; since it either subsists by itself, or in a line; in which
last respect also, since as a boundary it is alone and one, neither
having a whole nor parts, it imitates the supreme nature of beings.
On which account too, it was placed in a correspondent proportion to
unity. [135]For as the oracle says, _Unity is there first, where the
paternal unity abides_. But a line is the first endued with parts
and a whole, and it is monadic because it is distant by one interval
only; and dyadic on account of its progression: for if it be infinite,
it participates of the indefinite duad; but if finite, it requires two
terms, from whence and to what place; since, on account of these it
imitates totality, and is allotted an order among totals. For unity,
according to the oracle, is extended[136], and generates two; and
this produces a progression into longitude, together with that which
is distant extendedly, and with one interval, and the matter of the
duad. But superficies, since it is both a triad and duad, as also the
receptacle of the primary figures, and that which receives the first
form and species, is in a certain respect similar to the triadic
nature, which first terminates beings; and to the duad, by which they
are divided and dispersed. But a solid, since it has a triple distance,
and is distinguished by the tetrad, which is endued with a power of
comprehending all reasons, is reduced to that order in which the
distinction of corporeal ornaments appears; as also the division of the
universe into three parts, together with the tetradic property, which
is generative and female. And these observations, indeed, might be more
largely discussed, but for the present, must be omitted. Again, the
discourse of the Pythagoreans, not undeservedly, calls a line, which is
the second in order, and is constituted according to the first motion
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