The philosophical and mathematical commentaries of Proclus on the first book of Euclid's elements (Vol. 1 of 2) : $b To which are added, A history of the restoration of Platonic theology, by the latter Platonists: And a translation from the Greek of Proclus's Theological elementsProclus
Philosophy
The philosophical and mathematical commentaries of Proclus on the first book of Euclid's elements (Vol. 1 of 2) : $b To which are added, A history of the restoration of Platonic theology, by the latter Platonists: And a translation from the Greek of Proclus's Theological elements
Proclus
Euclid. Elements; Platonists
solution, must not be omitted. How are points called the extremities
of a line? and of what line, since they can neither be the bounds of
one that is infinite, nor of every finite? For there is a certain line,
which is both finite, and has not points for its extremities. And such
is a circular line, which returns into itself, and is not bounded by
points, like a right line. And such also is the ellipsis, or line like
a shield. Is it therefore requisite to behold a line, considered as a
line? for we must receive a certain circumference, which is terminated
by points, and a part of the elliptic line; having, in like manner,
its extremities bounded by points. But every circular and elliptic
line, assumes to itself another certain property, by which it is not
line alone, but is also endued with a power of perfecting figure[138].
Lines, themselves, therefore, have their extremities terminated by
points; but those which are effective of such like figures, return into
themselves. And, indeed, if you conceive them to be described, you
will also find how they are bounded by points; but if you receive them
already described, and connect the end with the beginning, you can no
longer behold their extremes.
DEFINITION IV.
A Right Line, is that which is equally situated between its
_bounding_ Points.
Plato establishing two most simple and principal species of lines,
the right and the circular, composes all the rest from the mixture of
these; I mean such as are called curve lines, some of which are formed
from planes; but others subsist about solids; and whatever species
of curve lines are produced by the sections of solids. And it seems,
indeed, that a point (if it be lawful so to speak) bears an image of
the one itself, according to Plato: for unity has no part, as he also
shews in the Parmenides. But, because after unity itself there are
three hypostases, or substances, bound, infinite, and that which is
mixed from these, the species of lines, angles, and figures, which
subsist in the nature of things originate from thence. And, indeed, a
circumference and a circular angle, and a circle among plane figures,
and a sphere among solids, are analogous to _bound_. But a right
line corresponds to _infinity_, according to all these; for it
properly belongs to all, if it is beheld as existing in each. But that
which is mixed in all these, is analogous to the mixt which subsists
among intelligibles. For lines are mixed, as those which are called
spirals. And angles, as the semi-circular and cornicular[139]. And
plane figures, as segments and apsides; but solids, as cones and
cylinders, and others of that kind. Bound, therefore, infinite, and
that which is mixed, are participated by all these. But Aristotle[140]
likewise assents to Plato; for every species of lines, says he, is
either right or circular, or mixed from these two. From whence also
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