The Philosophy of Health; Volume 1 (of 2): or, an exposition of the physical and mental constitution of manSmith, Southwood
Philosophy
The Philosophy of Health; Volume 1 (of 2): or, an exposition of the physical and mental constitution of man
Smith, Southwood
Hygiene; Physiology
41. The composition of the ultimate filament has been very carefully
examined by many distinguished physiologists with microscopes of high
magnifying power. Under some of these microscopes the filament appears
to consist of a series of rounded particles or globules of the same
size as the particles of the blood when deprived of their colouring
matter, so that it looks like a string of pearls (fig. XXVIII.), each
globule being commonly stated to be about the 2000th part of an inch
in diameter. But it is now pretty generally agreed that this globular
appearance of the ultimate muscular fibre vanishes under the more
improved microscopes of the present day, and, as viewed by the latter,
appears as a peculiar pulpy substance arranged into threads of extreme
minuteness, placed close and parallel to each other, intersected by a
great number of delicate lines passing transversely across the muscular
threads (fig. XXIX.),
[Illustration: Fig. XXVIII.
Ultimate fibres of muscle, very greatly magnified; showing the strings
of globules of which they are supposed by some to consist.]
42. With the exception of the organs of sense, the muscular tissue is
more abundantly supplied with arteries, veins, and nerves, than any
other substance of the body. Every ultimate thread or filament appears
to be provided with the ultimate branch of an artery, vein, and nerve.
These vessels are seen ramifying on the surface of the delicate web of
membrane that incloses the pulp, but cannot be traced into it.
[Illustration: Fig. XXIX.
The appearance of the ultimate muscular fibres and of their transverse
lines, as seen under the microscope of Mr. Lister, when the object is
magnified 500 diameters.]
43. The proximate principle of which the muscular pulp is composed
is fibrin. From the pulp, when inclosed in its sheath of membrane,
albumen, jelly, various salts, and a peculiar animal extract called
osmazome, are also obtained; but these substances are probably derived
from the membranous, not the muscular, matter. Fibrin contains a larger
proportion of azote, the element peculiar to the animal body, and by
the possession of which its chemical composition is distinguished from
that of the vegetable, than any other animal substance.
[Illustration: Fig. XXX.
Portion of the trunk of a nerve; dividing into branches.]
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