The Philosophy of Health; Volume 2 (of 2): or, an exposition of the physical and mental constitution of manSmith, Southwood
Science
The Philosophy of Health; Volume 2 (of 2): or, an exposition of the physical and mental constitution of man
Smith, Southwood
Hygiene; Physiology
705. It has been stated (539), that though gelatin enters abundantly
into the composition of many tissues of the body, and performs most
important uses in the economy, it is never found in the blood; that
it is formed from the albumen of the blood by a reducing process, in
consequence of which carbon is evolved, which unites with the free
oxygen of the blood, forming carbonic acid, thus conducing, among other
purposes, to the production of animal heat. It is equally remarkable,
that though the lymphatics or absorbents arise in countless numbers
from every tissue of the body, and are endowed with the power of taking
up every constituent particle of every organ, solid as well as fluid,
yet gelatin is never found in the lymphatic vessels. The lymphatics
contain only albumen in a form far more proximate to the blood than
that of the chyle; consequently, before the gelatin of the body is
taken up by the lymphatics, it must be reconverted into albumen; that
is, the absorbed gelatin must undergo a process analogous to that which
gelatin and other matters undergo in the stomach and duodenum; it
follows that the digestive process is not confined to the stomach and
duodenum, but is carried on at every point of the body. Hence there are
two processes of digestion, a crude and a refined process. The crude
process is carried on in the stomach and duodenum, in which dead animal
matter is converted into living substance, as yet, however, possessing
only the lowest kind of vitality. The capillary arteries receiving the
substance thus prepared for them, build it up into structure perhaps
the lowest and coarsest, the least organized, and capable of performing
only the inferior functions.
706. Capillary arteries in countless numbers terminate in the tissues
in membraneless canals (304 and 310). Particles of the blood are seen
to quit the arterial stream and to enter into the tissues, becoming a
component part of them: other particles are seen to quit the tissues
and to enter the current of the blood. The latter are probably organic
particles, to which a certain degree of elaboration has been already
given, now transmitted to the capillary veins, to be carried back to
the lungs to undergo there a further depuration, fitting them on their
return to the system for a higher organization.
707. Thus the lymphatic vessels, analogous in so many other respects
to the veins, are probably similar to them in this also—that they take
up from the tissues particles already organized, in order to submit
them to processes which communicate to them a progressively higher
organization. The notion that the contents of the lymphatics consist of
worn-out particles, capable of accomplishing no further purpose in the
economy, is not tenable:—
1. Because it is not analogous to the ordinary operations of nature to
mix wholly excrementitious matter with a substance for the production,
elaboration, and perfection of which, she has constructed such an
expensive apparatus.
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