The Philosophy of Health; Volume 2 (of 2): or, an exposition of the physical and mental constitution of manSmith, Southwood
Science
The Philosophy of Health; Volume 2 (of 2): or, an exposition of the physical and mental constitution of man
Smith, Southwood
Hygiene; Physiology
986. It is then an ascertained fact, that there exists between the
blood and the tissues a mutual reaction, not of a physical, but of a
vital nature, in which the blood takes as active a part as the tissue,
and the tissue as the blood; the blood exerting a vital attraction on
the tissue, and the tissue on the blood. We only express this ultimate
fact when we say (and this is all we can do) that in every part of the
body, by virtue of a vital affinity, the tissue attracts from the blood
the molecules of matter appropriate to its chemical composition, and
the blood attracts from the tissue the particles which, having served
their purpose there, are destined to other uses in the economy; or, if
wholly useless, are absorbed into the current of the circulation to be
expelled from the system.
987. We can see how the particles of matter which are attracted by the
tissue from the blood are so deposited and disposed that the tissue
always preserves its own shape, bulk, and relation to the surrounding
tissues. This definite arrangement is the result of an action which has
been already stated to be proper to the absorbent vessels. Previously
to the deposition of a new particle of matter by a capillary, an old
particle is removed by an absorbent, either a lymphatic or a vein. In
removing the old matter, the absorbent forms a mould into which the
capillary deposits the new molecules; and the form of every tissue and
organ depends on the kind of mould formed for the reception of its
nutrient matter by the absorbent vessel. The absorbents are thus the
architects of the system; and the capillaries are both chemists which
form the rough material employed in the structure, and masons which
deposit and arrange it. The conjoint action of both sets of vessels is
necessary to the formation of the simplest tissue; and it is by their
united labour that the compound organs are built up out of the simple
tissues.
988. It is conjectured that the immediate living agents by which this
vital attraction is exerted between the blood and the tissues are
the organic nerves. These nerves consist of two sets, those which
enter as constituents into the tissues and those which accompany the
capillaries. It has been shown (304), that while the membranous tunics
of the capillaries diminish, the nervous filaments distributed to them
increase; that the smaller and thinner the capillaries the greater
the proportionate quantity of their nervous matter; and that this is
most remarkably the case in organs of the greatest irritability. It is
conceived that the capillaries, in consequence of the nervous structure
which thus envelops them, exert upon the fluid which is flowing through
them an influence perfectly analogous to that of the secreting organ,
in consequence of which similar particles are abstracted from the blood
as those which compose the tissue in which the operation takes place.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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