The Philosophy of Natural Theology: An Essay in confutation of the scepticism of the present dayJackson, William
Religion
The Philosophy of Natural Theology: An Essay in confutation of the scepticism of the present day
Jackson, William
Natural theology; Religion -- Philosophy; Religion and science
might really frame a curious inquiry as respects this flowing tide of
process and production, production and process, with its commingling
currents and waves which seem to interrupt each other like circles of
diffracted light. We might ask which of all these parts of the moving
diorama is most distinctly human. I believe most people would say,
those scenes in which mind, not mere workmanship, is most evidently
discernible.
Professor Powell seems to have thought so too. The difficulty we have
been discussing he states as an objection requiring solution.[20]
"In those cases most nearly approaching the nature of human works,
such as the varied and endless changes in matter going on in the
_laboratory of nature_, the results, even when most analogous to those
obtained in human laboratories, yet present no marks of the process or
of the means employed, by which to recognise the analogous workman;
and in all the grander productions, the incessant evolutions of
vegetable and animal life, which no human laboratory can produce,--in
the structure of earth and ocean, or the infinite expanse of the
heavens and their transcendent mechanism, still further must we be
from finding any analogy to the works of man, or, by consequence, any
analogy to a personal individual artificer."
The next paragraph contains his own judgment.
"But the more just view of the case is that which arises from
the consideration that the real evidence is that of _mind_ and
_intelligence_; for here we have a proper and strict analogy. _Mind_
directing the operations of the laboratory or the workshop, is no
part of the _visible apparatus_, nor are its operations seen in
_themselves_--they are visible only in their _effects_;--and from
effects, however dissimilar in magnitude or in kind, yet agreeing
in the one grand condition of _order_, _adjustment_, profound and
recondite connexion and dependence, there is the same evidence and
outward manifestation of INVISIBLE INTELLIGENCE, as vast and
illimitable as the universe throughout which those manifestations are
seen."
This second extract may be analysed into distinct propositions somewhat
as follows:--
In a manufactory,--
Mind is no part of the visible apparatus--nor are its operations
visible,--
But the effects make the operations manifest.--
In the universe,--
Effects may be seen differing from Human productions in many ways,--but
agreeing in one common characteristic,--order--adjustment--hidden
interdependence.
Such effects make manifest the operation of an Invisible Intelligence
as vast as the Universe itself.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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