+----------------------------------------------------------------+ |1826 54 deg..00|1831 50 deg..87|1836 50 deg..03|1841 52 deg..18|1846 53 deg..64| |1827 54 deg..92|1832 52 deg..42|1837 51 deg..57|1842 52 deg..83|1847 52 deg..00| |1828 55 deg..22|1833 54 deg..56|1838 50 deg..62|1843 50 deg..77|1848 52 deg..50| |1829 52 deg..38|1834 52 deg..40|1839 52 deg..54|1844 53 deg..25|1849 52 deg..09| |1830 54 deg..93|1835 50 deg..65|1840 52 deg..35|1845 52 deg..73|1850 51 deg..48| |------------|------------|------------|------------|------------| |Mean 54 deg..29|Mean 52 deg..18|Mean 51 deg..52|Mean 52 deg..35|Mean 52 deg..32| +----------------------------------------------------------------+ The observations of Dr. Holyoke were made at Salem, Massachusetts; those of Dr. Hildreth at Marietta, Ohio. The following, in relation to the freezing of the Ohio River, is evidence of a different kind, but shows the same general correspondence, and particularly _the mildness of the winters when there were few spots_, and their severity from 1836 to 1838, inclusive, when the spots were most numerous: 1829.--River open all winter--some floating ice. 1830.--River closed 27th January. 1831.--Floating ice--closed 23d January--opened 20th February. 1832.--Closed in December, which was a very cold month--opened January 8, and remained open all winter. 1833.--Open all winter. 1834.--Open all winter. 1835.--Closed January 6--opened the last of the month--cold. 1836.--Closed 28th January--opened 25th February. 1837.--Closed from 8th December to 8th February. Cold year. 1838.--Closed from 13th January to 13th March. Cold year. 1839.--Closed from 6th December to 13th January. 1840.--Closed 29th December--opened 15th January. 1841.--Closed 3d January--opened 8th do. 1842.--Open all winter. 1843.--Closed 28th November--opened 5th December--open all the rest of the winter. 1844.--Open all winter. 1845.--Open all winter. 1846.--Closed 5th December--opened again a few days--closed again on the 26th. It is not stated how long it remained closed. 1847.--Open all winter. 1848.--Much floating ice, but not closed--heavy rains and floods. 1849.--Floating ice in January, but not closed. 1850.--Floating ice, but not closed. 1851.--Open all winter--a little ice. (December in the above table, means December previous). This is more reliable as to the winter season than the tables of annual means--although the evidence they afford, making due allowance for the exceptions, is very striking. I shall return to this part of the subject again. But there is other evidence of the influence of these spots. Their connection with the irregular magnetic disturbance of the earth has been distinctly traced. Colonel Sabine, President of the British Association, in his opening address, September, 1852, after reviewing the recent discoveries in magnetism, says:--