and, as has been said, has been chosen for her good looks. The opera is concluded, a masked ball follows. Next day, at seven a.m., in every parish the bride who was last married proceeds in procession to the Piazza of that parish, and with a mallet she indicates the place for the annual _scarlo_, or bonfire. She is accompanied by her husband. The object of these _scarli_ is to manifest the popular exultation at the annihilation of feudal tyranny. The pair now return home, preceded by a drum and fife band, and escorted by an enthusiastic crowd singing songs of liberty at the full pitch of their voices. At two o'clock, the general of the Carnival opens the public ball with the _Mugnaia_. This is held in the Piazza Carlo Alberto, which is the largest square in the town. The orchestra is placed in the centre of the square. Then there is a procession headed by the _Mugnaia_, seated on a scarlet velvet throne, and borne in a gilded car; then comes a military band, then the carriages filled with shouting masqueraders and ladies in elaborate toilettes; flowers, sweets, and oranges, are thrown with amazing prodigality as before. In the evening, again the opera, again the masquerade. Next day the procession takes place again, and there is a public ball in the square till ten, then the _Abba_ of each parish solemnly applies the light to his appointed _scarlo_. When the last _scarlo_ is burned out a funeral march is played and all disperse to their homes. It may be mentioned that the _scarlo_ is not literally a bonfire in our sense of the word, but what we should call a Venetian mast, bound with furze and inflammable material, decorated with gaudy ribbons and surmounted by a flag. It is not likely that the inhabitants of Ivrea, who thus commemorate her heroic deed, will ever forget their _Mugnaia_.