A story rather different from the rest is told by Pausanias, who records
that, at the sacrifice of Zeus on Mount Lycæus, a man was always turned
into a wolf, but if for nine years in wolf-shape he abstained from
eating human flesh, he would regain his human form. This suggests a
Buddhist source. The infiltration of Buddhist folk-lore into Europe is a
subject on which we should like to know more. Buddhism was the only
missionary religion before Christianity, and there is every probability
that it sent missionaries West as well as East.
The early Irish took so favourable a view of wolves that they were
accustomed to pray for their salvation, and chose them as godfathers for
their children. In Druidical times the wolf and other animals were
divine manifestations, and the Celts were so attached to their
beast-gods that they did not maledict what they had worshipped, but
found it a refuge somewhere. In the earliest Gallic sculpture the
dispossessed animals are introduced as companions of the new Saints.
It will be noticed that in the Indian folk-tale, though the
identification of the man with the man-eater is clear, a very lenient
view is taken of him: he was not always so; even his excursions in
tiger-skin were, at first, purely innocent; he was a good husband and a
respectable citizen till his wife’s nerves made him lose his temper.
In early Christian times, the man-wolf might be not only innocent but a
victim. He might be a particularly good man turned by a sorcerer into a
wolf, and in such cases he preserves his good tendencies. In the seventh
century such a man-wolf defended the head of St. Edward the Martyr from
other wild beasts.
On the other hand, there are stories of Christian saints who turned
evil-disposed persons into beasts by means of the magical powers which,
at first, _all_ baptized persons were thought to possess potentially if
not actively. St. Thomas Aquinas believed in the possibility of doing
this. In a Russian folk-tale the apostles Peter and Paul turned a bad
husband and wife into bears.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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