The Place of Science in Modern Civilisation, and Other EssaysVeblen, Thorstein
Philosophy
The Place of Science in Modern Civilisation, and Other Essays
Veblen, Thorstein
Economics; Science
In all of this the argument runs in terms of value; but it is Mr.
Clark's view, backed by an elaborate exposition of the grounds of his
contention,[14] that the use of these terms of value is merely a matter
of convenience for the argument, and that the conclusions so
reached--the equality so established between productivity and
remuneration--may be converted to terms of goods, or "effective
utility," without abating their validity.
Without recourse to some such common denominator as value the outcome of
the argument would, as Mr. Clark indicates, be something resembling the
Ricardian law of differential rent instead of a law drawn in homogeneous
terms of "final productivity"; and the law of "natural" distribution
would then, at the best, fall short of a general formula. But the
recourse to terms of value does not, as Mr. Clark recognises, dispose of
the question without more ado. It smooths the way for the argument, but,
unaided, it leaves it nugatory. According to Hudibras, "The value of a
thing Is just as much as it will bring," and the later refinements on
the theory of value have not set aside this dictum of the ancient
authority. It answers no pertinent question of equity to say that the
wages paid for labor are as much as it will bring. And Mr. Clark's
chapter (xxiv.) on "The Unit for Measuring Industrial Agents and their
Products" is designed to show how this tautological statement in terms
of market value converts itself, under competitive conditions, into a
competent formula of distributive justice. It does not conduce to
intelligibility to say that the wages of labor are just and fair because
they are all that is paid to labor as wages. What further value Mr.
Clark's extended discussion of this matter may have will lie in his
exposition of how competition converts the proposition that "the value
of a thing is just as much as it will bring" into the proposition that
"the market rate of wages (or interest) gives to labor (or capital) the
full product of labor (or capital)."
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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