The Place of Science in Modern Civilisation, and Other EssaysVeblen, Thorstein
Philosophy
The Place of Science in Modern Civilisation, and Other Essays
Veblen, Thorstein
Economics; Science
With the conceivable consolidation of all material assets under one
business management, so as to eliminate competitive bidding between
employers, it is plain that the resulting business concern would command
the undivided forces of the technological situation, with such deduction
as is involved in the livelihood of the working population. This
livelihood would in such a case be reduced to the most economical
footing, as seen from the standpoint of the employer. And the employer
(capitalist) would be the _de facto_ owner of the community's aggregate
knowledge of ways and means, except so far as this body of immaterial
equipment serves also the housekeeping routine of the working
population. How nearly the current economic situation may approach to
this finished state is a matter of opinion. There is also place for a
broad question whether the conditions are more or less favorable to the
working population under the existing business regime, involving
competitive bidding between the several business concerns, than they
would be in case a comprehensive business consolidation had eliminated
competition and placed the ownership of the material assets on a footing
of unqualified monopoly. Nothing but vague surmises can apparently be
offered in answer to these questions.
But as bearing on the question of monopoly and the use of the
community's immaterial equipment it is to be kept in mind that the
technological situation as it stands to-day does not admit of a complete
monopolisation of the community's technological expedients, even if a
complete monopolisation of the existing aggregate of material property
were effected. There is still current a large body of industrial
processes to which the large-scale methods do not apply and which do not
presume such a large unit of material equipment or involve such rigorous
correlation with the large-scale industry as to take them out of the
range of discretionary use by persons not possessed of appreciable
material wealth. Typical of such lines of work, hitherto not amenable to
monopolisation, are the details of housekeeping routine alluded to
above. It is, in fact, still possible for an appreciable fraction of the
population to "pick up a living," more or less precarious, without
recourse to the large-scale processes that are controlled by the owners
of the material assets. This somewhat precarious margin of free recourse
to the commonplace knowledge of ways and means appears to be what stands
in the way of a neater adjustment of wages to the "minimum of
subsistence" and the virtual ownership of the immaterial equipment by
the owners of the material equipment.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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