The Place of Science in Modern Civilisation, and Other EssaysVeblen, Thorstein
Philosophy
The Place of Science in Modern Civilisation, and Other Essays
Veblen, Thorstein
Economics; Science
In an earlier paper[2] the view has been expressed that the economics
handed down by the great writers of a past generation is substantially a
taxonomic science. A view of much the same purport, so far as concerns
the point here immediately in question, is presented in an admirably
lucid and cogent way by Professor Clark in a recent number of this
journal.[3] There is no wish hereby to burden Professor Clark with a
putative sponsorship of any ungraceful or questionable generalisations
reached in working outward from this main position, but expression may
not be denied the comfort which his unintended authentication of the
main position affords. It is true, Professor Clark does not speak of
taxonomy, but employs the term "statics," which is perhaps better suited
to his immediate purpose. Nevertheless, in spite of the high authority
given the term "statics," in this connection, through its use by
Professor Clark and by other writers eminent in the science, it is
fairly to be questioned whether the term can legitimately be used to
characterize the received economic theories. The word is borrowed from
the jargon of physics, where it is used to designate the theory of
bodies at rest or of forces in equilibrium. But there is much in the
received economic theories to which the analogy of bodies at rest or of
forces in equilibrium will not apply. It is perhaps not too much to say
that those articles of economic theory that do not lend themselves to
this analogy make up the major portion of the received doctrines. So,
for instance, it seems scarcely to the point to speak of the statics of
production, exchange, consumption, circulation. There are, no doubt,
appreciable elements in the theory of these several processes that may
fairly be characterized as statical features of the theory; but the
doctrines handed down are after all, in the main, theories of the
process discussed under each head, and the theory of a process does not
belong in statics. The epithet "statical" would, for instance, have to
be wrenched somewhat ungently to make it apply to Quesnay's classic
_Tableau Economique_ or to the great body of Physiocratic speculations
that take their rise from it The like is true for Books II. and III. of
Adam Smith's _Wealth of Nations_, as also for considerable portions of
Ricardo's work, or, to come down to the present generation, for much of
Marshall's _Principles_, and for such a modern discussion as Smart's
_Studies in Economics_, as well as for the fruitful activity of the
Austrians and of the later representatives of the Historical School.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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