It is obvious, then, that slavery worked a profound revolution in the social, economic and political life of the colony. It practically destroyed the Virginia yeomanry, the class of small planters who used neither negroes nor servants in the cultivation of their fields, the class which produced the bulk of the tobacco during the Seventeenth century and constituted the chief strength of the colony. Some it drove into exile, either to the remote frontiers or to other colonies; some it reduced to extreme poverty; some it caused to purchase slaves and so at one step to enter the exclusive class of those who had others to labor for them. Thus it transformed Virginia from a land of hardworking, independent peasants, to a land of slaves and slave holders. The small freeholder was not destroyed, as was his prototype of ancient Rome, but he was subjected to a change which was by no means fortunate or wholesome. The wealthy class, which had formerly consisted of a narrow clique closely knit together by family ties, was transformed into a numerous body, while all sharp line of demarkation between it and the poorer slave holders was wiped out. In short, the Virginia of the Eighteenth century, the Virginia of Gooch and Dinwiddie and Washington and Jefferson, was fundamentally different from the Virginia of the Seventeenth century, the Virginia of Sir William Berkeley and Nathaniel Bacon. Slavery had wrought within the borders of the Old Dominion a profound and far reaching revolution. NOTES TO CHAPTERS NOTES TO CHAPTER I [1-1] Peter Force, Tracts and Other Papers, Vol. III, A True Declaration, p. 25. [1-2] Purchas, Vol. XVIII, pp. 437-438. [1-3] Peter Force, Tracts and Other Papers, Vol. III, A True Declaration, p. 23. [1-4] Alexander Brown, The Genesis of the United States, Vol. I, p. 37. [1-5] Peter Force, Tracts and Other Papers, Vol. I, Nova Brittania, pp. 21-22. [1-6] Hakluyt, Discourse, pp. 89-90. [1-7] Hakluyt, Discourse, p. 105. [1-8] Hakluyt, Discourse, p. 31. [1-9] Hakluyt, Discourse, pp. 14-15. [1-10] Alexander Brown, The First Republic in America, p. 49. [1-11] Alexander Brown, The Genesis of the United States, Vol. I, p. 349; Peter Force, Tracts and Other Papers, Vol. I, Nova Brittania, pp. 16-17. [1-12] Alexander Brown, The Genesis of the United States, Vol. I, p. 239. [1-13] Alexander Brown, The Genesis of the United States, Vol. I, p. 202. [1-14] P. A. Bruce, Economic History of Virginia, Vol. II, p. 445. [1-15] Neill, The Virginia Company of London, p. 338. [1-16] Randolph Manuscript, p. 212. [1-17] P. A. Bruce, Economic History of Virginia, Vol. II, p. 440; Alexander Brown, The Genesis of the United States, Vol. I, p. 239. [1-18] P. A. Bruce, Economic History of Virginia, Vol. II, p. 441. [1-19] P. A. Bruce, Economic History of Virginia, Vol. II, p. 443. NOTES TO CHAPTER II [2-1] P. A. Bruce, Economic History of Virginia, Vol. I, p. 161; Alexander Brown, The First Republic in America, p. 232.