8b. Flowers white, the 3 lower petals marked with purple (White Violets) --14. 9a. Lateral petals bearded --10. 9b. Lateral petals beardless =Great-spurred Violet, Viola selkirkii.= 10a. Foliage glabrous --11. 10b. Petioles and lower surface of leaves pubescent --13. 11a. Beard of the lateral petals with a knob at the tip of each hair =Blue Violet, Viola cucullata.= 11b. Beard of the lateral petals not knobbed --12. 12a. Spurred petal hairy =Wood Violet, Viola affinis.= 12b. Spurred petal glabrous =Blue Violet, Viola papilionacea.= 13a. Spurred petal villous =Blue Violet, Viola septentrionalis.= 13b. Spurred petal glabrous, or with a few scattered hairs =Common Blue Violet, Viola sororia.= 14a. Leaf-blade obviously pubescent --15. 14b. Leaf-blade glabrous or very nearly so --16. 15a. Lateral petals bearded =Sweet White Violet, Viola incognita.= 15b. Lateral petals not bearded =White Violet, Viola renifolia.= 16a. Leaf-blades strictly glabrous =Sweet White Violet; Viola pallens.= 16b. Leaf-blades with some minute white hairs on the upper surface near the base =Sweet White Violet, Viola blanda.= 17a. Stipules large and leaf-like, deeply pinnatifid and nearly or quite as long as the petioles --18. 17b. Stipules small, inconspicuous, entire or toothed, and much shorter than the petiole --19. 18a. Leaves serrate; flowers 1.5-2.5 cm. wide (1-3 dm. high; flowers of various colors) =Pansy, Viola tricolor.= 18b. Upper leaves entire or nearly so; flowers about 1 cm. wide (1-2 dm. high; flowers bluish-white) =Wild Pansy, Viola rafinesquii.= 19a. Petals yellow (1-4 dm. high) (Yellow Violet) --20. 19b. Petals violet, blue, or white --21. 20a. Foliage villous-pubescent =Yellow Violet, Viola pubescens.= 20b. Foliage nearly or quite glabrous =Yellow Violet, Viola scabriuscula.= 21a. Stipules entire (2-4 dm. high) =Canada Violet, Viola canadensis.= 21b. Stipules toothed --22. 22a. Lateral petals not bearded (1-2 dm. high) =Long-spurred Violet, Viola rostrata.= 22b. Lateral petals bearded --23. 23a. Flowers white or nearly white (1-3 dm. high) =Pale Violet, Viola striata.= 23b. Flowers blue (about 1 dm. high) --24. 24a. Leaves smooth =Dog Violet, Viola conspersa.= 24b. Leaves pubescent =Sand Violet, Viola arenaria.= CACTACEAE, the Cactus Family Fleshy, jointed leafless plants, armed with numerous thorns; flowers large (5-10 cm. wide), yellow, with about 10 petals and numerous stamens.