The Pleistocene of North America: and its vertebrated animals from the states east of the Mississippi River and from the Canadian provinces east of longitude 95°Hay, Oliver Perry
Science
The Pleistocene of North America: and its vertebrated animals from the states east of the Mississippi River and from the Canadian provinces east of longitude 95°
Hay, Oliver Perry
Paleontology -- North America; Paleontology -- Pleistocene; Vertebrates, Fossil
2. _Bigbone Lick, Boone County._—At this place there have been collected
an almost incredible number of teeth, skulls, and other bones of _Mammut
americanum_; and these have been sent to many museums of this country
and Europe. While skulls are said to have been found, no complete
skeletons have ever been collected. In 1805, Dr. B. S. Barton (Med.
Phys. Jour. Phila., vol. I, pp. 154–159) wrote of bones he had seen from
this place. He quoted from a letter written by John Bartram to James
Logan. Some Shawanese Indians had brought to Pittsburgh a tooth and a
piece of tusk. They described a head as having a long nose and a mouth
on the underside. They reported that there were at the Lick five whole
skeletons; also a shoulder-blade which, when stood on end, came to the
shoulders of a tall man. What they regarded as the long nose may be
interpreted as a tusk. Probably some tons of mastodon bones have been
collected at this place, but it is quite certain that nearly the whole
of this important material has been lost. Further reference to the
locality, its geology, and the species collected there will be made on
pages 401 to 404, map 41.
3. _Bluelick Springs, Nicholas County._—From an excavation made at this
place by Mr. Thomas W. Hunter, in an attempt to restore the springs
which supplied the once popular watering-place, there were taken a large
quantity of bones of various animals, perhaps as much as two farm-wagon
loads. The greater number of these bones belonged to the mastodon.
Portions of skulls were found, but no complete skull. There were in the
collection perhaps 100 mastodon teeth and many tusks, but some of these
may have belonged to elephants. In some cases the tusks show at the
distal end evidences of abrasion by use. Several tusks are planed off on
opposite sides, as if they had lain buried in the bottom of a stream,
had been worn down flat by sand and gravel, and had then been turned
over and planed on the other side. In Mr. Hunter’s collection, seen by
the writer, there are small tusks, probably deciduous upper or lower
ones, which vary from 87 mm. to 115 mm. in length. Each one is slightly
flattened, and has an outer layer of hard dentine or possibly enamel,
which is smooth. When this has peeled off the underlying dentine is
grooved and ridged longitudinally. The transverse diameters vary from 20
to about 27 mm. Some of these small tusks are straight, others are
slightly curved. On page 405 will be given a list of the associated
animals and remarks on the geology.
4. _Harrisonville, Harrison County._—In the U. S. National Museum is a
lower left penultimate molar of a mastodon said to have been found
somewhere near this place. It was presented by Hon. M. L. Ross, through
Mr. R. L. Garner. No details are known. The village mentioned is said to
be near Cynthiana, but it is not on the maps at hand.
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